bussharitō 仏舎利塔

Keywords
Architecture
Buildings
Structures

Also called *sharitō 舎利塔. A reliquary in a stupa or pagoda. These could be either miniature or very large wooden pagodas in which relics representing the remains of the Buddha were enshrined, usually in a series of containers, one within the other. The containers were stored beneath the central pillar *shinbashira 心柱, as for example, beneath the main pillar in the Five-storied pagoda (1st decade of the 8th century) *Gojū-no-tō 五重塔 at Hōryūji 法隆寺. Sometimes the remains were stored in the teardrop-shaped form *hōjō 方丈, at the top of a five-storied pagoda, in the box-like form *roban 露盤, placed over the peak of the roof. The words *shari 舎利, busshari 仏舎利, or a synonym, yuigyō 遺形, actually meant the ashes of Sakyamuni *Shaka 釈迦, or referred to his bones, for which minuscule spheres of crystal or chalcedony (variegated agate) were substituted. The miniature reliquary was sometimes tubular, tear-drop, or onion shaped, *hōju 宝珠. Sometimes the reliquary was a five-part form called a *gorintō 五輪塔 or even flask-shaped, hei 瓶. These containers were made of wood or gilt bronze. Later the word bussharitō or sharitō came to mean the klipvary where ashes of saints or venerated priests and patriarchs were preserved. Sometimes only the mortuary tablets of such individuals were installed in the sharitō. Not only were pagoda-shaped reliquaries or pagodas used, but small ordinary temple buildings *shariden 舎利殿 also served as shrines for cherished relics or remains. The most famous shariden is the one dated 1219 in the East Precinct, Tōin 東院, at Hōryūji 法隆寺 in Nara. Ceremonies paying homage to relics, representing those of the Buddha, are held in this hall.