Chotō 猪頭

Keywords
Art History
Painting

Ch: Zhutou. A painting subject depicting the Northern Song dynasty eccentric priest Zhimeng (J: Shimō 志蒙). He was known as Chotō Oshō 猪頭和尚 (Ch: Zhutou Heshang; Boar's Head Priest) because of his predilection for walking through town carrying the severed head of a boar which he was fond of eating. His family name was Xu 徐 and he lived in Wuzhou 婺州, present day Jinhua 金華. In paintings he is usually depicted wearing ragged clothes and carrying the boar's head. By some reports, Chotō was able to fly, and occasionally he is depicted in mid-air. The fact of his eating meat, flaunting the vegetarian Buddhist diet, has caused Chotō to be associated with the priest *Kensu 硯子, who was fond of shellfish. The image of Chotō came to be worshipped for protection against drought and flood. Chinese paintings of the subject include works attributed to Liang Kai (Jp: Ryōkai 梁楷) and Muqi (Jp: Mokkei 牧谿). Japanese examples include paintings by the Kano school *Kano-ha 狩野派 and a screen painting *fusuma-e 襖絵 in Daitokuji Shinjuan 大徳寺真珠庵 by Hasegawa Tōhaku 長谷川等伯 (1539-1610), Kyoto.