Lit. eight great youths. Eight attendants of either *Monju 文殊 or more commonly *Fudō Myōō 不動明王. Fudō hachidai dōji 不動八大童子 (the Eight Attendants of Fudō) are described in the Hachidai dōji hiyō hōbon 八大童子秘要法品, and their names are as follows: Ekō Dōji 慧光童子, Eki Dōji 慧喜童子, Anokudatsu / Anokuta Dōji 阿耨達童子, Shitoku Dōji 指徳童子, Ukubaga Dōji 烏倶婆迦童子, Shōjō biku 清浄比丘, *Kongara Dōji 矜羯羅童子, and *Seitaka Dōji 制た迦童子. In artistic representations Fudō is generally shown either alone or flanked by Kongara and Seitaka to create the Fudō triad, Fudō sanzon 不動三尊. There are few examples of him accompanied by all eight of these attendants. A fine set of wooden figures, six of which are attributed to Unkei 運慶 (?-1223), is preserved at Kongōbuji 金剛峯寺 (Mt. Kōya 高野, Wakayama Prefecture). Another set, carved by Kōen 康円 in 1272, is housed at Kannonji 観音寺 in Tokyo. Noteworthy examples of polychrome paintings of Fudō accompanied by these eight attendants include those kept by the Agency for Cultural Affairs (originally from Mt. Kōya; 13th century) and at Chōfukuji 長福寺 (Okayama Prefecture; 14th century). Monju hachidai dōji 文殊八大童子 (the eight attendants of Monju) are mentioned in several texts, and they appear in the Monjuin 文殊院 of the *Taizōkai mandara 胎蔵界曼荼羅. Their names are as follows: Kōmō 光網 (Sk: Jaliniplabha), Hōkan 宝冠 (Sk: Ratnamukuta), Mukukō 垢光( Sk: Vimalaprabha), Keishini 髻設尼 (Sk: Kesini), Ubakeishini 烏波髻設尼 (Sk: Upakesini), Shittara 質多羅 (Sk: Citra), Jie 地慧 (Sk: Vasumati), and Chōshō 召請 (Sk: Akarsani). The last five are female and are collectively known as Monju goshisha 文殊五使者 (the five messengers of Monju). In some texts Fushigie 不思議慧 (Sk: Acintyamati) and Kugoe 救護慧 (Sk: Paritranasayamati) are substituted for Hōkan and Shittara respectively.