kikugawara 菊瓦

Also called kikumaru 菊丸, kikumarugawara 菊丸瓦, or kogiku 小菊. A tile decorated with a Chrysanthemum motif that appeared in the Momoyama period. Used primarily along the base of a high, tile-stacked decorative ridge *ōmune 大棟. The motif called *kikkamon 菊花文 was used widely until the end of the Edo period. Thereafter, it was designated the Emperor's crest and general use was forbidden. Pantiles *sangawara 桟瓦, also were decorated with the chrysanthemum motif during the Edo period. Atypical Edo period example of a chrysanthemum motif was found on an eave-end tile, kikkamon nokimarugawara 菊花文軒丸瓦, that was excavated from the Sentō Gosho 仙洞御所 in Kyoto. The tile is 17.4 cm in diameter and has a flat, wide rim.