Also read Koshima mandara. A pair of Mandala of the Two Realms *Ryōkai mandara 両界曼荼羅 in gold and silver paint on dark-blue twill originally kept at Kojimadera 子島寺 in Nara, but now preserved at the Nara National Museum. Also known as Tobi mandara 飛曼荼羅 or Hikō mandara 飛行曼荼羅 (flying mandara). The Matrix mandala *Taizōkai mandara 胎蔵界曼荼羅 is 349.1 cm x 307.9 cm in size and the Diamond World mandala *Kongōkai mandara 金剛界曼荼羅 is 351.3 cm x 297.0 cm. According to the temple tradition, Shinkō 真興 (934-1004), who restored Kojimadera during the late Heian period, was given these two mandala by the emperor Ichijō 一条 during the Chōhō 長保 era (999-1004), and they remained treasured possessions of the temple until recent times. Iconographically they differ markedly from orthodox versions of the Ryōkai mandara as transmitted by *Kūkai 空海 (774-835): for example, the 16 deities of the Auspicious Aeon gengō jūrokuson 賢劫十六尊 are missing from the Vanquisher of the Three Worlds, Gōzanze-e 降三世会 in the Kongōkai mandara, while in the Taizōkai mandara the positions of Tenkuraion 天鼓雷音 and Kaifukeō 開敷華王 in the Chūdai hachiyōin 中台八葉院 have been interchanged and the number of deities in the Soshitsujiin 蘇悉地院 has been increased to 16. It is generally considered that they date from around the Chōhō era when they are said to have been given to Shinkō, but there are some scholars who place the date of their execution in the early Heian period. They are at any rate an unusually early example of the Ryōkai mandara, and because they are also in an extremely good state of preservation, they have been designated national treasures.