sanmen tōshoku 三面頭飾

Keywords
Art History
Sculpture

Also sanmen hōshoku 三面宝飾, sanmen hōkan 三面宝冠. A Buddhist crown that consisted of three upstanding ornaments, one above the forehead and one on each side of the head. Made of wood or metal, the ornaments often had flower and foliage designs, and were inlaid with jewels. The three sections were sometimes held together by a decorative band *tenkandai 天冠台, and tassels *kantai 冠帯 hung down from the left and right sides. The sanmen tōshoku was derived from a ladies' hairstyle worn in ancient India, and has been found on 6th-century figures in northern China. It was brought to Japan in the 7th century, and was found on many *bosatsu 菩薩 statues of the Hakuhō period. Good examples are the Miroku Bosatsu-zō 弥勒菩薩像 in Yachūji 野中寺, Osaka and the Yumetagae Kannon-zō 夢違観音像 in Hōryūji 法隆寺, Nara.