Lit. "Buddhist triad stone arrangement." The grouping of one large stone with two smaller flanking stones that lean toward the central stone. The stones are likened to Buddhist triads (see *sanzonbutsu三尊仏) such as *Shaka sanzon 釈迦三尊, *Amida sanzon 阿弥陀三尊, Yakushi sanzon 薬師三尊 and Fudō sanzon 不動三尊. The central stone is called the chūsonseki 中尊石, while the side stones are called attendant stones or kyōjiseki 脇侍石. In some gardens a worship stone raihaiseki 礼拝石, is placed in front of the sanzon iwagumi, in this case the raihaiseki is called the dais stone daizaseki 台座石, or lotus seat stone rendaiseki 蓮台石. The term sanzon iwagumi was first found used in the 11th-century garden treatise *Sakuteiki 作庭記, and thereafter appears in most other garden treatises. Sanzon iwagumi may stand alone or may be included as part of a large stone arrangement. The stones may also becalled sanzonseki 三尊石.