Keywords
Art History
Painting
An ancient Chinese philosophy which holds that calligraphy and painting are two aspects of a single art that springs from the same spirit and the same region of the mind, is produced with the same instruments, and requires similar dexterity and skill. This concept is discussed in the 9th-century Record of Famous Painters of All Dynasties (Ch: Lidai Minghuaji, Jp: Rekidai meigaki 歴代名画記) by Zhang Yanyuan (Jp: Chō Gen'en 張彦遠) and became important in painting theories by literati artists.