Ch: Zhougong Dan. The virtuous Duke of Zhou 周公 (Ch: Zhougong; Jp: Shūkō), the son of King Wen 文王 (Ch: Wen Wang; Jp: Bun Ō) who founded the Zhou dynasty in the 11th century BCE, and younger brother of King Wu 武王 (Ch: Wu Wang; Jp: Bu Ō). He served conscientiously as regent until Wu's son came of age, then quickly relinquished control to the legitimate heir. The Duke of Zhou was instrumental in the establishment of the Zhou civilization.
He is remembered as an important personage who brought virtue and wisdom to Chinese politics. There are numerous stories recalling his virtue and responsiveness as a ruler. He is often depicted taking time out from personal activities, such as washing his hair, to ascend the throne and sit in judgement on petitions brought by the people, or to meet with wise men who traveled from afar to seek or give counsel. Confucius portrayed the Duke of Zhou as the ideal man of rank, and he sought to implement the institutions and principles that the Duke of Zhou inspired.