Sotōrihime 衣通姫

Keywords
Art History
Painting

Lit. "princess whose beauty shines through her clothing." The popular name for the concubine of Emperor Ingyō 允恭 (412-53) and the younger sister of the empress. The legend is that, fearing her sister's jealousy, she hid herself in Chinu 茅淳 (present day southern Osaka). A skilled poet, she is enshrined as the deity of Tamatsushima Jinja 玉津島神社 at Waka no ura 和歌の浦 in Wakayama Prefecture. 

In a waka 和歌 poem in Nihon shoki 日本書記 (compiled in 720) attributed to Sotōrihime, she waits patiently for her dear emperor to come at night like a spider to catch her. The theme was taken up in painting from the 17th century, where she is typically depicted dressed as a court lady holding a fan who looks up at a spider. Well-known examples include paintings by Tosa Mitsuoki 土佐光起 (1617-91, formerly Kawasaki collection) and Kubo Shunman 窪俊満 (1757-1820, Tokyo National Museum), as well as *ukiyo-e 浮世絵 prints by Torii Kiyonaga 鳥居清長 (1752-1815) and Hosoda Eishi 細田栄之 (1756-1829).