Lit. "water-dropper." A small container used to hold the water which is added to the inkstone *suzuri 硯 during the grinding of the ink stick. Water-droppers may be made of copper, jade and stone, but ceramic are the most popular. Depending on their size and shape, water-droppers may also be termed suichū 水注, suichūjō 水中丞 (also suijō 水丞), suiu 水盂 or senjo 蟾蜍. More specifically, a suiteki has two small holes for water and air and is designed so that only a few drops of water can fall at one time. Suichū are shaped like pitchers and have a pouring spout and a handle. Suiu and suijō are bowl or jar-like, and some have wide mouths, making them popular for use as brush washers hissen 筆洗, while others have small mouths. Senjo or toad, was so named because a toad was believed to hold water in its large belly. Thus many jade toad-shaped water-droppers exist.
At first, the suiteki was simply a jar or bowl used for holding water, but as interest in the accoutrements of calligraphy grew, water-droppers became more specialized. Bronze water-droppers in the shapes of fantastic creatures or monsters, ceramic suiu and teapot-shaped suichū were created in China and found their way to Japan and became popular with the literati of the Edo period.
In Japan, suiteki were already used in the Nara period when sutra copying flourished. A set from this period made up of a bronze water-dropper, a spoon and a tray used to hold the ink stick are preserved at Hōryūji 法隆寺, Nara. Since the late Heian period, a special kind of writing box *suzuribako 硯箱, which includes the water-dropper, in addition to the ink stone and other writing tools, became very popular. The water-droppers varied greatly in material, shape and design. Notable are the elaborately designed ceramic suiteki, including many animal-shaped examples, that were found among old Seto and Oribe wares (see *setoyaki 瀬戸焼, *oribeyaki 織部焼). Water-droppers of richly colored cloisonne *shippō 七宝 also became popular from the 16th century.