Uhō dōji 雨宝童子

Keywords
Art History
Iconography

An abbreviation of Kongō sekishō zenshin uhō dōji 金剛赤精善神雨宝童子. A manifestation of the Buddha *Dainichi 大日, and a *honjibutsu 本地仏 of the Sun Goddess, Amaterasu Ōmikami 天照大神, a female god believed to bring good fortune and to protect against natural disasters. Her name also suggests that she was worshipped as a deity who brought needed rain. Uhō dōji is said to have been the form in which Amaterasu Ōmikami came down to earth from heaven. Representations in art resemble the female deity *Kichijōten 吉祥天, usually with a *gorintō 五輪塔 (five-ring pagoda) on her head, a vajra staff kongō hōbō 金剛宝棒 in her right hand, and a jewel *hōju 宝珠 in her left hand. She may stand on a white tanuki 狸 (raccoon). She may, along with one of the Dragon Kings (see *ryū 龍), accompany *Kannon 観音. 

There are few examples of Uhō dōji dating from before the mid-14th century. The earliest sculptural example from Kongōshōji 金剛証寺 in Mie Prefecture is thought to have been made in the Kamakura period, although there are many traces of later restorations. The statue of Uhō dōji in Hasedera 長谷寺 in Nara, is called Sekishō dōji 赤精童子 and is paired with Nanda ryūō 難陀竜王 (a honjibutsu of Kasuga daimyōjin 春日大明神) as an attendant to *Jūichimen Kannon 十一面観音 (Eleven-headed Kannon).