Lit. "paintings of Zen 禅 meetings." Paintings that depict a philosophical dialogue between a Zen priest and a layman, usually an emperor or scholar. This genre is distinguished from Zenshikai zu 禅師会図, paintings which show a conversation between Zen priests. Notable dialogues between priests and laymen include those of Yaosan and Liao (Jp: *Yakuzan Rikō 薬山・李こう), Niaoke (Jp: *Chōka 鳥か) and Bai Letian (Jp: *Haku Rakuten 白楽天), Yuhua (Jp: Kōka 興化) and Zhuang Zong (Jp: Sōsō 荘宗), Mazu (Jp: Baso 馬祖) and Pang jushi (Jp: *Hō Koji ほう居士), Li Bai (Jp: *Ri Haku 李白) and Zhizhang (Jp: Chijō 智常), Xuefeng (Jp: Setsuhō 雪峰) and Min wang (Jp: Bin'ō びん王), and Huangbo (Jp: Ōbaku 黄檗) and Pei Xiu (Jp: Haikyū 裴休). These famous meetings were recorded in Song and Yuan dynasties compilations of Zen analects and were often illustrated by artists who specialized in figure subjects such as Ma Gongxian (Jp: Ba Kōken 馬公顕, mid-12th century) and Yintuoluo (Jp: Indara 因陀羅, late 14th century), and later Japanese painters of the Muromachi period (15th century) .