Lit. "deep black stones." A generic name for black stones found in the Nachi 那智 area of Wakayama prefecture and the Kamo 鴨…

Lit. "thrown bean stones." A poetic name for a seemingly random arrangement of stepping stones *…

Lit. "mixed hedge." One type of *ikegaki 生垣 (living fence) in which two or…

A type of bamboo-ear gate takehogaki 竹穂垣 used for projecting fences *sodegaki…

Lit. "polished stone." A vague term which means any stone which is highly finished or polished, but may also refer to the…

A generic name for granite kakōgan 花崗岩, the term originally meant granite quarried in the Mikage 御影 district in the…

Also written 蓑建仁寺垣. Also called takehogaki 竹穂垣. A variation of the bamboo fence *…

Also sudaregaki 簾垣. A bamboo fence made of various kinds of slender bamboo strips that are set horizontally and…

Lit. "re-used-object water basins." A type of water basin *chōzubachi…

Lit. "water hole." The hollowed-out space on the top face of a water basin *…

Lit. "water boat." A type of large boat-shaped stone used for water basins *mitatemono…

Lit. "returning branch." A tree branch which, naturally or by training, turns abruptly downward. The dramatic nature of the…

A somewhat ambiguous term meaning landscape. Because the curving root of a tree, moku 木, was thought to resemble…

Lit. "gate foundation stones." A large, flat stepping stone *yaku-ishi 役石…

Lit. "gate crowning." A tree planted by a garden gate so that its branches extend over the gate. In some cases the branches…

Woods. The sacred grove of trees planted in front of a shrine by a landscape designer.

Lit. "Corrective on Gardens of the Musō Lineage." A late Edo period treatise on landscape gardening. According to the…