Kangxi Emperor
Chart: The Major Qing Emperors
Sidebar: Qing Inspection Tours of the Realm
Images: Two Portraits of the Kangxi Emperor

Qianlong Emperor
Expansion of Territory
Map: Expansion of Empire under Qing
Creation of a Multiethnic State
Sidebar: Implications of Multiethnic Qing State on Formation of Chinese Identity
Qianlong as Universal Ruler
Images: Two Portraits of the Qianlong Emperor
Qianlong as Patron of Arts
Images: Qianlong as the Bodhisattva Manjusri

Four Aspects of Qing Government Impressive to Western Observers:
Emperor and the Mandate of Heaven
Sidebar: French Physiocrats' Admiration of Chinese Imperial System
An Integrated Bureaucracy
Sidebar: Benefits of Imperial Rule
Examination System for Entry to Government Service
Image: Posting of the Examination Results
Government of "Elite Commoners"
Sidebar: Chinese Notion of Political Legitimacy

Ming-Qing Economic Dynamism and Foreign Trade

Qing China's Active Economy:
The Farming Economy
Complex Market Structure
Interactive: Commercial Activity in 18th-century Suzhou
Merchant Hierarchy
Taxes Paid in Money
Bimetallic Currency
Early Banks
Sidebar: Remittance Banks

Schools of Art during the Qing
Sidebar/Image: The Chinese Literati