futamune-zukuri 二棟造り

Keywords
Architecture
Folk Dwellings

Alternatively known as futatsuie 二つ家. A style of vernacular house, *minka 民家, with a divided ridge structure, *buntōgata 分棟型, common during the Edo period in Kumamoto Prefecture and the southern part of Fukuoka Prefecture. In Kumamoto Prefecture, a typical example consisted of two narrow ranges, between 3.5 m and 4.5 m wide, with thatched roofs, usually hipped (yosemune 寄棟), placed side by side. One range, locally called niwaya 庭屋, contained the earth-floored area, *doma 土間, and the other contained the raised-floor living zone, kyoshitsubu 居室部, generally made up of a single row of two or three rooms. Together they generated an internal plan that was almost square and only minimally disturbed by the valley gutter, *amadoi 雨樋, that drained through between the two adjacent structures. Surviving examples are generally late- or post-Edo period, although houses with a divided ridge have existed in this area since at least the early 17th century. In Fukuoka Prefecture, the two ranges are often linked by a transverse roof at the front or at the rear in an arrangement called maetanigata futamune-zukuri 前谷型二棟造.