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  • (-) Gardens (64)
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Displaying 1 - 64 of 64
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
kabumono 株もの

Lit. stump. The term is used to designate trees which have no trunk but grow so that the branches come directly out of the…

Architecture, Gardens
kaiyūshiki teien 回遊式庭園

Lit. stroll style garden. A type of garden designed to be entered and enjoyed on foot. Most gardens can be divided either…

Architecture, Gardens
kaki 垣

Also read en; also called kakine 垣根. A generic term for a fence, garden precinct wall, or partition. Some…

Architecture, Gardens
kakitome no ki 垣留の木

Lit. fence-stopping tree. The technique of painting a tree at the end of a fence. The tree should be in harmony with the…

Architecture, Gardens
kakitsuke 掻きつけ

Also written 垣つけ. A method of fence construction where vertical members *tateko…

Architecture, Gardens
kamejima 亀島

Lit. tortoise island. A small island made with several stones that express the head, feet, and tail of a tortoise. Found in…

Architecture, Gardens
kamogawa-ishi 賀茂川石

Lit. Kamogawa stone. A type of stone taken from the bed of the upper Kamo River in Kyoto. It was much in demand as garden…

Architecture, Gardens
karadake 唐竹

Lit. Chinese bamboo. A common type of slender, long-jointed bamboo madake 真竹. It is often used to construct bamboo…

Architecture, Gardens
karayō-no-niwa 唐様の庭

Lit. Chinese style garden. A general and problematic term used to distinguish gardens with an exotic continental flavor from…

Architecture, Gardens
kareike 枯池

Lit. dry pond. A symbolic pond made with rocks, pebbles, and white sand instead of water. Along with the more common dry…

Architecture, Gardens
karenagare 枯流 ✓

Lit. dry stream. A common garden element construction in dry landscape *karesansui…

Architecture, Gardens
karesansui gogan 枯山水護岸

Lit. dry landscape revetment. The technique of arranging stones to suggest the bank gogan 護岸 of a dry pond or…

Architecture, Gardens
karesansui 枯山水 ✓

Lit. dry landscape. A common type of garden which suggests mountains and water using only stones, sand or gravel and,…

Architecture, Gardens
karetaki 枯滝

Lit. dry waterfall. A common technique in dry landscape *karesansui …

Architecture, Gardens
karikomi 刈込

Lit. pruning. The term refers to the clipped hedge or clipped plants common in Japanese gardens. Karikomi is…

Architecture, Gardens
kasan 仮山

Lit. artificial mountain. Also read kazan, or kasansui 仮山水. A general term referring to an artificial…

Architecture, Gardens
katanagareyō 片流様

An oblong island created in a garden pond. Although it is a fabrication, its appearance seems genuine due to the natural…

Architecture, Gardens
katōgaki 火灯垣

Lit. flame fence. A type of fence with an ogee-arched entrance. See *katō 火灯…

Architecture, Gardens
katsuragaki 桂垣 

The bamboo fence that surrounds the Katsura Rikyū 桂離宮 in Kyoto. The fence it is widely imitated today. At given intervals…

Architecture, Gardens
kazari chōzubachi 飾手水鉢

Lit. decorative wash basin. A wash basin placed in a garden for decoration and not used for washing hands. Usually, a wooden…

Architecture, Gardens
kazari-ishi 飾石

Lit. decoration stones. A type of stone prized for its beauty and usually placed apart from the more symbolic stone…

Architecture, Gardens
kazariido 飾井戸

An ornamental well. A garden well which has no water and therefore functions or only as a symbolic or decorative item. It is…

Architecture, Gardens
kazariuchi 飾打

The ornamental elements of a garden. The features of a garden which have an ostensible function but are treated in a non-…

Architecture, Gardens
keiseki 景石

Lit. scenic stone. A type of garden stone meant to be appreciated for its beauty. Several usually keiseki stones…

Architecture, Gardens
kenninjigaki 建仁寺垣 ✓

A type of bamboo fence that takes its name from its use first at the temple Kenninji 建仁寺 in Kyoto. It is also considered to…

Architecture, Gardens
kentō 献灯

A votive light offered to a Shinto or Buddhist deity. The lantern which holds the votive light is called a *…

Architecture, Gardens
kesagata chōzubachi 袈裟形手水鉢

Lit. surplice shape water basins. A stone wash basin *chōzubachi…

Architecture, Gardens
kikieda 利き枝

A large and powerful branch which dominates a tree. The kikieda featured in garden design and also in paintings…

Architecture, Gardens
kikine 利き根

A term which refers to the large roots of trees, for example in Kano Eitoku's 狩野永徳 (1543-90) painting, Birds and Flowers…

Architecture, Gardens
kinkakujigaki 金閣寺垣 ✓

Lit. Kinkakuji 金閣寺 style fence. A type of low, bamboo see-through fence *…

Architecture, Gardens
kiri-ishibashi 切石橋

Lit. cut stone bridge. A type of stone bridge *ishibashi 石橋,…

Architecture, Gardens
kishū-ishi 紀州石

Lit. Kishū stones. A type of blue stone *ao-ishi 青石, quarried in…

Architecture, Gardens
kōetsujigaki 光悦寺垣

Lit. Kōetsuji fence. Also kōetsugaki 光悦垣. A type of open, woven bamboo fence *…

Architecture, Gardens
kogaseki 虎臥石

Lit. lying tiger stone. A type of trump stone *yaku-ishi 役石 placed at…

Architecture, Gardens
kōkishiki karesansui 後期式枯山水

Lit. late style dry landscape. A type of dry garden *karesansui 枯山水…

Architecture, Gardens
kōshū kurama-ishi 甲州鞍馬石

Also called shinkurama-ishi 新鞍馬石 and kōshūmikage-ishi 甲州御影石. A type of low quality granite quarried in…

Architecture, Gardens
kumigaki 組垣

Lit. braided fence. A generic name for fences in which the lattice pieces of the fence are braided. In some cases the bamboo…

Architecture, Gardens
kumiizutsu 組井筒

Lit. arranged well crib. A type of well made of four joined stone blocks. It is also called kakikomi ido 掻込井戸 (…

Architecture, Gardens
kunoji-no-ike 九の字の池

"Pond (shaped like the) character 九," one type of garden pond. It is described in the garden manual Hihon sakuteiden…

Architecture, Gardens
kurama-ishi 鞍馬石 ✓

Lit. Kurama stone. A type of granite quarried in the Mt. Kurama 鞍馬 area north of Kyoto. Light brown in color and of fine…

Architecture, Gardens
kuruma-ido 車井戸

Lit. pulley well. A general term for wells in which the water is drawn by a bucket and rope attached to a pulley. This…

Architecture, Gardens
kusen hakkai-ishi 九山八海石

Lit. stone(s) from the nine mountains and eight seas. A single stone or group of stones placed around another stone meant to…

Architecture, Gardens
kyōchi 境致

Natural scenery of a particular place; environment. Whenever possible, temples of the Zen 禅 sect during the medieval period…

Architecture, Gardens
tachichōzubachi 立手水鉢 ✓

Lit. "standing water basin." A type of tall basin *chōzubachi 手水鉢 that can…

Architecture, Gardens
takaikegaki 高生垣

A hedge, 3 to 5 m high, planted as a wind screen or for fire control.

Architecture, Gardens
take tokusabei 竹木賊塀 ✓

Lit. "bamboo and horsetail tokusa 木賊 fence."

1 A fence that has split and crushed bamboo…

Architecture, Gardens
takegaki 竹垣 ✓

Lit. "bamboo fence." A generic name for any kind of fence made with bamboo. Specific types include *…

Architecture, Gardens
takeyarai 竹矢来 ✓

Also written 竹柵. A roughly constructed bamboo fence with horizontal pieces placed close to the top, at the center, and at…

Architecture, Gardens
takigumi-ishi 滝組石

Lit. "waterfall stone arrangement." A type of stone arrangement used for garden waterfalls. Also pronounced taki-…

Architecture, Gardens
tama-ishi 玉石

Lit. "round stone." A boulder about 15-30 cm across, which has been naturally rounded by a river or ocean waves. Often…

Architecture, Gardens
tamabuchi 玉縁

Lit. "jewelled edge."

1 The tip on the rear, narrow end of a half-round roof tile *…

Architecture, Roofing Tiles, Gardens
tanba-ishi 丹波石

Lit. "Tanba stone." A type of granite from the Kameoka 亀岡 region, northwest of Kyoto. High in iron, it is used for pavements…

Architecture, Gardens
tate-ishi 竪石

A dominating garden stone that is set in an upright position. The term appears first in the *…

Architecture, Gardens
tateko 竪子

Also written 立子 or 建子, read tatego.

1  A generic term for the vertical muntins on lattice…

Architecture, Gardens
tatōshiki teien 多島式庭園

Lit. "multiple-island style." More than two islands constructed in a chisen 池泉 (pond and stream) type garden.

Architecture, Gardens
teppeiseki 鉄平石

Lit. "flat iron stone." A type of andesite quarried in the Suwa 諏訪 and Kitasaku 北佐久 regions of Nagano Prefecture. The flat,…

Architecture, Gardens
teppōgaki 鉄砲垣

Lit. "musket fence." A type of *sodegaki 袖垣 or *…

Architecture, Gardens
tobi-ishidan 飛石段

Lit. "stepping stone stairs." A type of stepping stone *tobi-ishi 飛石, placed on a slope to…

Architecture, Gardens
tokiwagi 常盤木

Lit. "evergreen tree." A pine matsu 松, cryptomeria sugi 杉, or sakaki 榊, found in almost all types…

Architecture, Gardens
tokusabei 木賊塀

A type of formal fence associated with the walls surrounding nobles' homes and tearooms *…

Architecture, Gardens
Tsukiyama teizōden 築山庭造伝

Lit. "Commentary on Landscape Gardens."

1 A mid-Edo book written by garden designer Kitamura Enkin…

Architecture, Gardens, Document
tsukiyama 築山

The older term is *kasan 仮山. Lit. "constructed mountain."…

Architecture, Gardens
tsukuri-izumi 作り泉

Lit. "constructed spring." The artificial watercourse built to conduct spring water into a garden. The term, found in the…

Architecture, Gardens
tsurujima 鶴島

Lit. "crane island." A garden island made with several stones and, usually, a pine to suggest the flight of a crane. As a…

Architecture, Gardens

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JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University