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JAANUS

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  • (-) General Terms (76)
  • Architecture (72)
  • Art History (4)
  • Folk Dwellings (2)

Displaying 1 - 76 of 76
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
agesage shōji 上下障子 ✓

Also called *suriage shōji 摺上障子. A sliding door frame covered with…

Architecture, General Terms
aikugi 合釘 ✓

Also kurekugi 呉釘, kirikugi 切釘. A straight nail with both ends pointed. It is made of wood, bamboo, iron,…

Architecture, General Terms
aiorekugi 合折釘 ✓

Also called oreaikugi 折合釘 or mageorekugi 曲折釘. A type of double-pointed iron nail, square in section, and…

Architecture, General Terms
akari shōji 明障子 ✓

One type of *shōji 障子. A translucent screen or sliding door made by pasting…

Architecture, General Terms
aki 明

Also written 空; kūgeki 空隙, ma 間. Lit. empty, gap, space. The space between two structural parts. For…

Architecture, General Terms
akkon 圧痕

Evidence left on load bearing members by beams *hari 梁, *…

Architecture, General Terms
amado 雨戸

1 Wooden shutters constructed at the various openings of a building. They slide out from a special storage…

Architecture, General Terms
amadoi 雨樋

A gutter used to carry rainwater from the eave-ends to a downspout or hanging chain and thence to the ground. This method…

Architecture, General Terms
amagumi 疎組 ✓

Also read mabaragumi; also written 阿麻組 amagumi. A bracket complex *…

Architecture, General Terms
amajimai 雨仕舞

Weather stripping, flashing, a rain guard, or any device used to prevent leaks or deflect rainwater. A hōju roban…

Architecture, General Terms
amakatsura-ishi 雨葛石

A curbstone that runs horizontally along the top edge of a podium *danjōzumi…

Architecture, General Terms
amaochi 雨落 ✓

Also called amadari 雨垂り and amadareochi 雨垂れ落ち. The place on the ground, directly below the eaves,…

Architecture, General Terms
amashōji 雨障子

Also called aburashōji 油障子. A type of translucent paper-covered window found most often in tea ceremony houses *…

Architecture, General Terms
ananai 麻生

An ancient word for *ashiba 足場 or ashishiro 足代, scaffolding made of…

Architecture, General Terms
aori hafu 障泥破風

Lit. curved bargeboard. An archaic term for *chidori haru 千鳥破風, a…

Architecture, General Terms
aori-ita 障泥板 ✓

Also read afuri-ita; irakaōi 甍覆.

1 A thick board attached to the edge of a veranda…

Architecture, General Terms
ara-ishi 荒石

Lit. rough stone. A generic term for rough, unprocessed rock in the form in which it is found or quarried. Also read *…

Architecture, General Terms
aragaki 荒垣 ✓

Lit. rough fence. A general term to designate any kind of crude fence with widely spaced posts and crossbars. It is also…

Architecture, General Terms
arakabe 荒壁

The first layer of mud plaster applied to the lath *komai 小舞, that…

Architecture, General Terms
arikabe 蟻壁

1 A narrow horizontal strip of wall between a long, light, binding beam *…

Architecture, General Terms
ashi 足

Lit. leg or foot. Also 脚, read ashi or kyaku.

1 The parts that support the main…

Architecture, General Terms
ashiagekura 足揚倉

Also simply called *ashiage 足揚. A type of thatched storehouse set upon a…

Architecture, General Terms
ashiba 足場

Scaffold or scaffolding. A temporary, elevated structure used to support workmen, tools, etc. when erecting a building.…

Architecture, General Terms
ashigatame 足固

Also written 脚固, 足堅. Strong, horizontal ties which strengthen the posts beneath the floor of a timber building by…

Architecture, General Terms
ashimoto 足元

1 A general term for all structural members from the foundation *dodai…

Architecture, General Terms
ashiwake 葦分け

Lit. split reed. A style of round-stone paving *tama-ishijiki 玉石敷 of the…

Architecture, General Terms
Asuka jidai 飛鳥時代

The Asuka period (538/552-645). So called because the capital of the new Yamato 大和 region was located in the Asuka district…

Art History, General Terms
atsuhirabashira 厚平柱

A type of rectangular pillar employed in the construction of a gate at a castle or dwelling. This pillar, front to back, is…

Architecture, General Terms
aware あわれ

The capacity to be moved deeply, an aesthetic ideal associated with Heian period literature and aristocratic values. An…

Art History, General Terms
azegi 校木 ✓

Also pronounced azeki. Chamfered logs used to build walls for storehouses *…

Architecture, General Terms
ibara 茨

Also called iga いが. Lit. cusp.

1 The point where two curved lines or forms meet. The…

Architecture, General Terms
ichiboku kaidan 一木階段

A ladder hewed from a single log during the Yayoi period.

Architecture, General Terms
ichimai biraki 一枚開

A single window or door opening. Also, a single door or window. They may swing on hinges one way, both ways, or slide.

Architecture, General Terms
ichimonji dana 一文字棚

A term used in all parts of Japan in the Edo period, for a straight shelf *tana…

Architecture, General Terms
igeta 井桁

1 A generic term for any group of structural members set in a grid pattern. 

2 The…

Architecture, General Terms
ijō kōbai 居定勾配

Also abbreviated to ijō 居定. The degree of pitch on the underside of a rafter support *…

Architecture, General Terms
ikebana 生け花

Lit. to keep flowers alive. Flower arrangements. Originated in Buddhist flower offerings kuge 供花 from the 6th…

Art History, General Terms
iki いき

The aesthetic ideal of the Edo merchant class during the late 18th and 19th centuries, combining material sensuality and…

Art History, General Terms
inago 稲子

Slip fasteners. The wooden or bamboo pieces used on the reverse side of the overlapped boards of a board-and-batten ceiling…

Architecture, General Terms
inokosasu 豕扠首 ✓

Also sasuzuka sasuzaoshiki 扠首束扠首竿式, *sasuzao 扠首竿, *…

Architecture, General Terms
inubashiri 犬走り

Also written 犬行. Lit. dog run. A narrow inset in wall ramparts, or in an embankment of earth forming a footpath or ledge.…

Architecture, General Terms
inufusegi 犬防木

Also pronounced inubōgi.

1 In temples and shrines, a lattice *…

Architecture, General Terms, Folk Dwellings
inuyarai 犬矢来 ✓

Also called komafusegi 駒防ぎ. Concave screens about 60 cm high and of varying length made of closely-spaced bent…

Architecture, General Terms
ippan zu 一般図

General drawings which reflect all the contents of a building, its plan and design. Such drawings must depict the function…

Architecture, General Terms
ireko-ita 入子板 ✓

Also called *wata-ita 綿板. Thin panels of wood inserted between the rails …

Architecture, General Terms
irigawabashira 入側柱

Also called moyabashira 母屋柱 or 身舎柱. Pillars that are erected inside and parallel to the pillars positioned on the…

Architecture, General Terms
iriguchiwaku 入口枠

A door frame made of a head lintel and vertical door jambs to which doors are attached with hinges.

Architecture, General Terms
irihashibashira 入端柱

Pillars *hashira 柱 at the inner boundary of a pent roof…

Architecture, General Terms
irikawa 入側

1 A corridor or passageway between the main body of a residence and the veranda. It is also found in temple…

Architecture, General Terms
irikawageta 入側桁

Purlins, *keta 桁, placed along the tops of pillars surrounding the…

Architecture, General Terms
irimoya hafu 入母屋破風

The bargeboards on the gable end of a hip-and-gable roof *irimoya yane…

Architecture, General Terms
irimoya yane 母屋屋根

A hip-and-gable roof. In Japanese architecture, the gable part is usually over the core area of the building, *…

Architecture, General Terms
irimoya-zukuri 入母屋造 ✓

A hip-and-gable roof construction, or a building with this roof construction. A gable type roof has a ridge and gable…

Architecture, General Terms
irisumi 入隅 ✓

The internal angle made by the junction of two planes, such as walls, a wall and ceiling, or the inside angle made by the…

Architecture, General Terms
ishibadate 石場建

Also kanokodate 鹿の子建 and ishitsuki 石付. A technique used at a folk dwelling to attach a pillar to a…

Architecture, General Terms
ishiguchi 石口

The point at which a base stone and a pillar are joined. The upper surface of a plinth stone on which another stone may be…

Architecture, General Terms
ishiwari 石割

1 The cutting and arrangement of stones.

2 The layout of masonry.

Architecture, General Terms
ita 板

Also written 鈑 or 版. Originally a relatively thin flat timber, stone, or sheet of metal. In the medieval period (1185-1568…

Architecture, General Terms
ita ishi 板石

A thin, flat stone resembling a board. Also called a plate stone. The stone can be divided into three types depending on the…

Architecture, General Terms
ita ranma 板欄間 ✓

Traditional transoms that are made of wood and have sections filled with a single board, or one or two parts are filled with…

Architecture, General Terms
ita tenjō 板天井

Also called itabari tenjō 板張天井 or *hariita tenjō 張板天井…

Architecture, General Terms
itabei 板塀

A wooden board or plank fence. Wooden fences made of planks and set directly into the ground are called hottate itabei…

Architecture, General Terms
itabi 板碑 ✓

One type of pagoda or stupa, tōba 塔婆, in the form of a flat stone stele that became prevalent in the early 13th…

Architecture, General Terms
itabuki 板葺 ✓

Wood shingles. Widely used in Japan for buildings of many kinds, ranging from palaces, elite residences, shrines, and…

Architecture, General Terms, Folk Dwellings
itabuki yane 板葺屋根

A roof structure covered with boards or planks. Various names are used depending on the size of the boards. A large plan…

Architecture, General Terms
itachigai 板違 ✓

Wooden panels with the grain set in alternating directions in a coffered ceiling *…

Architecture, General Terms
itadatami 板畳

1 The boards covered by tightly woven straw mats *tatami 畳,…

Architecture, General Terms
itago 板子

An Edo period term for wooden planks with a rectangular cross-section, between 5 cm and 30 cm thick. These planks were cut…

Architecture, General Terms
itajiki 板敷

A common type of wooden board flooring commonly used before thick straw matting *tatami…

Architecture, General Terms
itakarado 板唐戸 ✓

Also read itagarado; also called itatobira 板扉. A 6th-7th century door made of a single, thick wooden plank…

Architecture, General Terms
itame 板目 ✓ 1 A board cut in such a way that the grain lines are not parallel but instead are rather pointed or having irregular wavy… Architecture, General Terms
itanoki 板軒 ✓

Thick boards used to cover exposed base rafters visible under eaves. Examples: Eihōji Kannondō 永保寺観音堂 (1315), Gifu…

Architecture, General Terms
itaosae 板押

Also read itaoshi. Battens used to prevent boards from moving. They are long, thin strips of wood set vertically…

Architecture, General Terms
itomasa 糸柾

A shortened form of itomasame 糸柾目. Straight, narrow grained wood. Two examples are Japanese arborvitae, nezuko…

Architecture, General Terms
itomen 糸面

A very narrow, chamfer about 3 mm wide, made by planing the corners of posts. The term has been used from the 17th century…

Architecture, General Terms
itsutesaki 五手先

A rare five-stepped bracket complex found at a temple on Sado 佐渡 Island, Niigata Prefecture.

Architecture, General Terms

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JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University