Skip to main content

JAANUS

  • a (8)
  • b (5)
  • c (10)
  • d (8)
  • e (8)
  • f (4)
  • g (10)
  • h (18)
  • i (9)
  • j (2)
  • k (43)
  • m (17)
  • n (8)
  • o (6)
  • r (10)
  • s (44)
  • t (21)
  • u (5)
  • w (1)
  • y (11)
  • z (6)
  • (-) Gardens (87)
  • Architecture (87)
  • Document (1)

Displaying 1 - 87 of 87
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
kabumono 株もの

Lit. stump. The term is used to designate trees which have no trunk but grow so that the branches come directly out of the…

Architecture, Gardens
kaiyūshiki teien 回遊式庭園

Lit. stroll style garden. A type of garden designed to be entered and enjoyed on foot. Most gardens can be divided either…

Architecture, Gardens
kaki 垣

Also read en; also called kakine 垣根. A generic term for a fence, garden precinct wall, or partition. Some…

Architecture, Gardens
kakitome no ki 垣留の木

Lit. fence-stopping tree. The technique of painting a tree at the end of a fence. The tree should be in harmony with the…

Architecture, Gardens
kakitsuke 掻きつけ

Also written 垣つけ. A method of fence construction where vertical members *tateko…

Architecture, Gardens
kamejima 亀島

Lit. tortoise island. A small island made with several stones that express the head, feet, and tail of a tortoise. Found in…

Architecture, Gardens
kamogawa-ishi 賀茂川石

Lit. Kamogawa stone. A type of stone taken from the bed of the upper Kamo River in Kyoto. It was much in demand as garden…

Architecture, Gardens
karadake 唐竹

Lit. Chinese bamboo. A common type of slender, long-jointed bamboo madake 真竹. It is often used to construct bamboo…

Architecture, Gardens
karayō-no-niwa 唐様の庭

Lit. Chinese style garden. A general and problematic term used to distinguish gardens with an exotic continental flavor from…

Architecture, Gardens
kareike 枯池

Lit. dry pond. A symbolic pond made with rocks, pebbles, and white sand instead of water. Along with the more common dry…

Architecture, Gardens
karenagare 枯流 ✓

Lit. dry stream. A common garden element construction in dry landscape *karesansui…

Architecture, Gardens
karesansui gogan 枯山水護岸

Lit. dry landscape revetment. The technique of arranging stones to suggest the bank gogan 護岸 of a dry pond or…

Architecture, Gardens
karesansui 枯山水 ✓

Lit. dry landscape. A common type of garden which suggests mountains and water using only stones, sand or gravel and,…

Architecture, Gardens
karetaki 枯滝

Lit. dry waterfall. A common technique in dry landscape *karesansui …

Architecture, Gardens
karikomi 刈込

Lit. pruning. The term refers to the clipped hedge or clipped plants common in Japanese gardens. Karikomi is…

Architecture, Gardens
kasan 仮山

Lit. artificial mountain. Also read kazan, or kasansui 仮山水. A general term referring to an artificial…

Architecture, Gardens
katanagareyō 片流様

An oblong island created in a garden pond. Although it is a fabrication, its appearance seems genuine due to the natural…

Architecture, Gardens
katōgaki 火灯垣

Lit. flame fence. A type of fence with an ogee-arched entrance. See *katō 火灯…

Architecture, Gardens
katsuragaki 桂垣 

The bamboo fence that surrounds the Katsura Rikyū 桂離宮 in Kyoto. The fence it is widely imitated today. At given intervals…

Architecture, Gardens
kazari chōzubachi 飾手水鉢

Lit. decorative wash basin. A wash basin placed in a garden for decoration and not used for washing hands. Usually, a wooden…

Architecture, Gardens
kazari-ishi 飾石

Lit. decoration stones. A type of stone prized for its beauty and usually placed apart from the more symbolic stone…

Architecture, Gardens
kazariido 飾井戸

An ornamental well. A garden well which has no water and therefore functions or only as a symbolic or decorative item. It is…

Architecture, Gardens
kazariuchi 飾打

The ornamental elements of a garden. The features of a garden which have an ostensible function but are treated in a non-…

Architecture, Gardens
keiseki 景石

Lit. scenic stone. A type of garden stone meant to be appreciated for its beauty. Several usually keiseki stones…

Architecture, Gardens
kenninjigaki 建仁寺垣 ✓

A type of bamboo fence that takes its name from its use first at the temple Kenninji 建仁寺 in Kyoto. It is also considered to…

Architecture, Gardens
kentō 献灯

A votive light offered to a Shinto or Buddhist deity. The lantern which holds the votive light is called a *…

Architecture, Gardens
kesagata chōzubachi 袈裟形手水鉢

Lit. surplice shape water basins. A stone wash basin *chōzubachi…

Architecture, Gardens
kikieda 利き枝

A large and powerful branch which dominates a tree. The kikieda featured in garden design and also in paintings…

Architecture, Gardens
kikine 利き根

A term which refers to the large roots of trees, for example in Kano Eitoku's 狩野永徳 (1543-90) painting, Birds and Flowers…

Architecture, Gardens
kinkakujigaki 金閣寺垣 ✓

Lit. Kinkakuji 金閣寺 style fence. A type of low, bamboo see-through fence *…

Architecture, Gardens
kiri-ishibashi 切石橋

Lit. cut stone bridge. A type of stone bridge *ishibashi 石橋,…

Architecture, Gardens
kishū-ishi 紀州石

Lit. Kishū stones. A type of blue stone *ao-ishi 青石, quarried in…

Architecture, Gardens
kōetsujigaki 光悦寺垣

Lit. Kōetsuji fence. Also kōetsugaki 光悦垣. A type of open, woven bamboo fence *…

Architecture, Gardens
kogaseki 虎臥石

Lit. lying tiger stone. A type of trump stone *yaku-ishi 役石 placed at…

Architecture, Gardens
kōkishiki karesansui 後期式枯山水

Lit. late style dry landscape. A type of dry garden *karesansui 枯山水…

Architecture, Gardens
kōshū kurama-ishi 甲州鞍馬石

Also called shinkurama-ishi 新鞍馬石 and kōshūmikage-ishi 甲州御影石. A type of low quality granite quarried in…

Architecture, Gardens
kumigaki 組垣

Lit. braided fence. A generic name for fences in which the lattice pieces of the fence are braided. In some cases the bamboo…

Architecture, Gardens
kumiizutsu 組井筒

Lit. arranged well crib. A type of well made of four joined stone blocks. It is also called kakikomi ido 掻込井戸 (…

Architecture, Gardens
kunoji-no-ike 九の字の池

"Pond (shaped like the) character 九," one type of garden pond. It is described in the garden manual Hihon sakuteiden…

Architecture, Gardens
kurama-ishi 鞍馬石 ✓

Lit. Kurama stone. A type of granite quarried in the Mt. Kurama 鞍馬 area north of Kyoto. Light brown in color and of fine…

Architecture, Gardens
kuruma-ido 車井戸

Lit. pulley well. A general term for wells in which the water is drawn by a bucket and rope attached to a pulley. This…

Architecture, Gardens
kusen hakkai-ishi 九山八海石

Lit. stone(s) from the nine mountains and eight seas. A single stone or group of stones placed around another stone meant to…

Architecture, Gardens
kyōchi 境致

Natural scenery of a particular place; environment. Whenever possible, temples of the Zen 禅 sect during the medieval period…

Architecture, Gardens
Sakuteiki 作庭記

Lit. "Treatise on Garden Making." The oldest and most revered Japanese text on garden design, it was probably…

Architecture, Gardens, Document
sandandaki 三段滝

Lit. "three-stage waterfall." One common type of garden waterfall. Through the arrangement of earth and rocks, the waterfall…

Architecture, Gardens
sanzon iwagumi 三尊石組

Lit. "Buddhist triad stone arrangement." The grouping of one large stone with two smaller flanking stones that lean toward…

Architecture, Gardens
sasagaki 笹垣

Lit. "bamboo grass fence." A living fence or hedge made of low-growing, bamboo grass called kumazasa 熊笹, and…

Architecture, Gardens
sawatobi 沢飛 ✓

Lit. "marsh crossing." A path made of stepping stones *tobi-ishi 飛石 placed in…

Architecture, Gardens
sekkaigan 石灰岩

Limestone. A type of rock rarely used in gardens because of its soft and transient nature, although it was employed as a…

Architecture, Gardens
senryokugan 閃緑岩

Lit. "glittering green stone." A type of stone similar to granite but containing black granules. Often containing small…

Architecture, Gardens
sensui 泉水

Lit. "spring water." Originally the term referred to spring water running through a garden. In Kyoto, a number of…

Architecture, Gardens
shakkei 借景

Lit. "borrowed scenery." The method of incorporating a distant vista into the composition of a garden. A river, the ocean,…

Architecture, Gardens
shibagaki 柴垣 ✓

Also read shibakaki. A very old type of brushwood fencing, originally called fushigaki 布斯垣. Many…

Architecture, Gardens
shibaonkōgata chōzubachi 司馬温公形手水鉢

Lit. "Sima Yungong type." One style of natural stone water basin *…

Architecture, Gardens
shibayama chōzubachi 芝山手水鉢

Lit. "brushwood mountain." A type of rustic water basin *chōzubachi…

Architecture, Gardens
shichigosanshiki teien 七五三式庭園

Also called shichigosan ishigumi 七五三石組 Lit. "seven-five-three-style garden." The arrangement of 15 stones or pruned…

Architecture, Gardens
shiden-zukuri teien 寝殿造庭園

Lit. "shinden-style garden." The quintessential Heian period garden that was built in the central courtyard of…

Architecture, Gardens
shiguregaki 時雨垣

Lit. "drizzle fence." A type of fence in which bunches of bamboo and bush clover are secured by the top bar of a fence so as…

Architecture, Gardens
shihōbutsu chōzubachi 四方仏手水鉢

Lit. "Buddhas of the four directions water basin." A type of water basin made from reused objects *…

Architecture, Gardens
shikyakuseki-no-kumikata 枝脚石の組み方

Lit. "arrangement of branch and leg stones." One way to arrange the five types of trump stones known as *…

Architecture, Gardens
shin-no-yotsumegaki 真の四目垣

A garden fence with penetrating ties *nuki 貫 that run horizontally from one…

Architecture, Gardens
shinamoji 品文字

A grouping of three stones, carefully balanced to resemble the character shina 品. The stone arrangement is…

Architecture, Gardens
shinsenboku 神仙木

Lit. "tree of immortals." A tree associated with Mt. Penglai *Hōraisan 蓬莱山,…

Architecture, Gardens
shirakawa-ishi 白川石

Lit. "shirakawa stone." A type of granite quarried from the Shirakawa 白川 area north of Kyoto. Soft and easily…

Architecture, Gardens
shitennō-seki 四天王石

Lit. "four guardian kings stones." Four stones placed in each corner of a garden. The stones serve the same apotropaic…

Architecture, Gardens
shitennōju 四天王樹

Lit. "four guardian king trees." A poetic title referring to the maiden-hair or gingko ichō 銀杏, camphor …

Architecture, Gardens
shizenseki chōzubachi 自然石手水鉢

Lit. "natural stone water basins." A generic name for a water basin *chōzubachi…

Architecture, Gardens
shizenseki ishibashi 自然石石橋

Lit. "natural stone bridge." A type of stone bridge *ishibashi 石橋 made from…

Architecture, Gardens
shoin niwa 書院庭

The garden which faces or surrounds the *shoin 書院. No special features are used in shoin…

Architecture, Gardens
shōjōseki 清浄石

Also read seijōseki, called nozoki-ishi 覗石 or kiyome-ishi きよめ石. Lit. "pure stone."

…

Architecture, Gardens
shokusai 植栽

Lit. "plants." The various plants, trees, bushes, and flowers placed in a garden. The term also is used to refer to gardens…

Architecture, Gardens
shōshinboku 正真木

Meaning genuine tree. The term was coined in the middle Edo period to refer to the dominant or master tree in a garden.…

Architecture, Gardens
shōtoku-no-taki 生得の滝

Originally, a waterfall in nature. With the rise of dry waterfalls *karetaki…

Architecture, Gardens
shuboku 主木

Lit. "master tree." The tree planted on the top, front of a garden hill *tsukiyama…

Architecture, Gardens
shugoboku 守護木

Lit. "guardian tree." One name given to the main tree planted in the middle of a flat garden hiraniwa 平庭. The term…

Architecture, Gardens
shukukei 縮景

Lit. "shrunken scenery." The imitation of a famous scenic spot meisho 名所 in a garden through the creation of a…

Architecture, Gardens
shumisenshiki iwagumi 須弥山式石組

Lit. "Mt. Sumeru type stone arrangement." A grouping of stones which expresses Mt. Sumeru *Shumisen…

Architecture, Gardens
shuseki 主石

Lit. "main stone." The stone at the center of a stone arrangement *ishigumi…

Architecture, Gardens
sodegaki 袖垣 ✓

Lit. "sleeve fence." A narrow fence which may serve to screen off some garden element or may be completely ornamental.…

Architecture, Gardens
sodegata chōzubachi 袖形手水鉢

Lit. "sleeve shape." A type of water basin *chōzubachi 手水鉢 in…

Architecture, Gardens
soe-ishi 添石

Lit. "accompanying stones." Stones arranged near to the main stone *shuseki 主石 of a stone…

Architecture, Gardens
sōekigata tōrō 宗易形灯籠

A type of six-sided lantern. The canopy is thin with half-circled bracken-shoot patterns *…

Architecture, Gardens
sōhengaki 宗へん垣

Lit. "Sōhen fence." A simple type of open fence named after tea master Yamada Sōhen 山田宗へん (1627-1708). Thin bamboo slats are…

Architecture, Gardens
soribashi 反橋

Also pronounced sorihashi. Lit. "curved bridge." A general term for an arched bridge. Soribashi include…

Architecture, Gardens
suiboku sansuigashiki teien 水墨山水画式庭園

Lit. "garden in the style of ink monochrome landscape painting." A modern term used for Chinese style dry gardens *…

Architecture, Gardens
suirin 水輪

Lit. "water ring." The spherical second story of the five-ring pagoda *gorintō…

Architecture, Gardens
sukashigaki 透垣

Lit. "see-through fence." A generic term for any kind of fence through which one can see. This type of open fence is used as…

Architecture, Gardens

Contributor Login

JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University