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JAANUS

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  • (-) General Terms (74)
  • Architecture (71)
  • Art History (4)
  • Folk Dwellings (2)
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Displaying 1 - 74 of 74
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
fuebashira 笛柱

Lit. flute post. The thick post at the right rear corner of a noh stage, *…

Architecture, General Terms
Fujiwara jidai 藤原時代

Fujiwara period. A period of approximately two hundred years corresponding to the Middle Heian period (Heian chūki…

Art History, General Terms
fukioroshi 葺下

Also written 葺卸. The extension of a roof or the elongation of eaves on the main part of a building in order to cover an…

Architecture, General Terms
fukitsuchi 吹土

The layer of clay spread on sheathing, *shitaji 下地, sometimes called …

Architecture, General Terms
fukiyose 吹寄

1 The arrangement of muntins, lattice (*fukiyose gōshi…

Art History, General Terms, Sculpture, Architecture
fukiyose daruki 吹寄垂木 ✓

The grouping of two or three parallel rafters placed closely together with a wide space between each group. The spaces…

Architecture, General Terms
fukiyose gōshi 吹寄格子 ✓

Lit. grouped or varying numbered lattice. Lattice or small beams arranged to form patterns in transoms, *…

Architecture, General Terms
fukiyosebashira 吹寄柱 Evenly spaced pillars or posts that are arranged so that two or more are in line. The amount of the space between the… Architecture, General Terms
fukubachi 伏鉢

Also written 覆鉢; also called fukuhatsu ふくはつ. The small inverted bowl-like fixture placed on the box-like cover, *…

Architecture, General Terms
fukumi 含 ✓

A channel. The part of a bearing block, *masu 斗, that is cut out either as a one-…

Architecture, General Terms
fumisagari 踏下

The distance from the ridge of a roof, *munagi 棟木, to the eave end, *…

Architecture, General Terms
fumizura 踏面

Also called fumi-ita 踏板. The horizontal surface, known as the tread, on steps or stairs. The board, plank, or…

Architecture, General Terms
funahijiki 舟肘木 ✓

A boat-shaped bracket arm placed directly on top of a pillar to carry a purlin, *gagyō…

Architecture, General Terms
funazoko tenjō 舟底天井

Also called *yakata tenjō 屋形天井, an upside-down houseboat-shaped ceiling. A…

Architecture, General Terms
furesumi 振隅

Refers to the pitch of a roof that is different on the front and back from the pitch of the sides. The hip rafters at the…

Architecture, General Terms
furesumigi 振隅木

A hip rafter, *sumigi 隅木, which cannot bisect the purlins, *…

Architecture, General Terms
furiwake 振分

The center line of a surface that has been divided equally. The line may run vertically or horizontally. This center point…

Architecture, General Terms
furoku 不陸 Lit. not horizontal. A surface which is not flat or horizontal to the ground. Architecture, General Terms
fuse-zu 伏図

A framing plan showing the structural arrangement and details of various parts of a building including the floor, ceiling,…

Architecture, General Terms
fushin 普請

Originally, the solicitation of great numbers of people to help construct Zen temple buildings. By the 14th century, …

Architecture, General Terms
fushinchō 普請帳 ✓

The ledger or account books in which material and labor costs incurred during a construction project were recorded. …

Architecture, General Terms
fushoku 腐蝕

Wood rot. Wood rot can be either dry rot, kanshoku 乾蝕, or wet rot, shisshoku 湿蝕. Wet rot is particularly…

Architecture, General Terms
fusuma 襖 ✓

An abbreviation for fusumashōji 襖障子, an opaque sliding screen, as distinguished from the translucent screen, *…

Architecture, General Terms
futakoshi yane 二腰屋根

A roof that has two different inclines between the ridge and eave ends. It changes its direction of flow without any…

Architecture, General Terms
futanoki 二軒 ✓

A double row of rafters, called base rafters and flying rafters, that appears beneath the eaves of a roof. The base rafters…

Architecture, General Terms
futate hijiki 二手肘木 A bracket arm that forms the second outward step of a two-stepped bracket complex. Architecture, General Terms
futatesakigumi 二手先組 ✓

Also called futatesaki tokyō 二手先斗きょう or futatesaki kumimono 二手先組物. A bracket complex composed of two steps…

Architecture, General Terms
futatsudo tokyō 二(双)斗斗(きょう)

Also written 双斗斗きょう and pronounced the same way, or these characters can be read narabido tokyō or sōdo tokyō…

Architecture, General Terms
ibara 茨

Also called iga いが. Lit. cusp.

1 The point where two curved lines or forms meet. The…

Architecture, General Terms
ichiboku kaidan 一木階段

A ladder hewed from a single log during the Yayoi period.

Architecture, General Terms
ichimai biraki 一枚開

A single window or door opening. Also, a single door or window. They may swing on hinges one way, both ways, or slide.

Architecture, General Terms
ichimonji dana 一文字棚

A term used in all parts of Japan in the Edo period, for a straight shelf *tana…

Architecture, General Terms
igeta 井桁

1 A generic term for any group of structural members set in a grid pattern. 

2 The…

Architecture, General Terms
ijō kōbai 居定勾配

Also abbreviated to ijō 居定. The degree of pitch on the underside of a rafter support *…

Architecture, General Terms
ikebana 生け花

Lit. to keep flowers alive. Flower arrangements. Originated in Buddhist flower offerings kuge 供花 from the 6th…

Art History, General Terms
iki いき

The aesthetic ideal of the Edo merchant class during the late 18th and 19th centuries, combining material sensuality and…

Art History, General Terms
inago 稲子

Slip fasteners. The wooden or bamboo pieces used on the reverse side of the overlapped boards of a board-and-batten ceiling…

Architecture, General Terms
inokosasu 豕扠首 ✓

Also sasuzuka sasuzaoshiki 扠首束扠首竿式, *sasuzao 扠首竿, *…

Architecture, General Terms
inubashiri 犬走り

Also written 犬行. Lit. dog run. A narrow inset in wall ramparts, or in an embankment of earth forming a footpath or ledge.…

Architecture, General Terms
inufusegi 犬防木

Also pronounced inubōgi.

1 In temples and shrines, a lattice *…

Architecture, General Terms, Folk Dwellings
inuyarai 犬矢来 ✓

Also called komafusegi 駒防ぎ. Concave screens about 60 cm high and of varying length made of closely-spaced bent…

Architecture, General Terms
ippan zu 一般図

General drawings which reflect all the contents of a building, its plan and design. Such drawings must depict the function…

Architecture, General Terms
ireko-ita 入子板 ✓

Also called *wata-ita 綿板. Thin panels of wood inserted between the rails …

Architecture, General Terms
irigawabashira 入側柱

Also called moyabashira 母屋柱 or 身舎柱. Pillars that are erected inside and parallel to the pillars positioned on the…

Architecture, General Terms
iriguchiwaku 入口枠

A door frame made of a head lintel and vertical door jambs to which doors are attached with hinges.

Architecture, General Terms
irihashibashira 入端柱

Pillars *hashira 柱 at the inner boundary of a pent roof…

Architecture, General Terms
irikawa 入側

1 A corridor or passageway between the main body of a residence and the veranda. It is also found in temple…

Architecture, General Terms
irikawageta 入側桁

Purlins, *keta 桁, placed along the tops of pillars surrounding the…

Architecture, General Terms
irimoya hafu 入母屋破風

The bargeboards on the gable end of a hip-and-gable roof *irimoya yane…

Architecture, General Terms
irimoya yane 母屋屋根

A hip-and-gable roof. In Japanese architecture, the gable part is usually over the core area of the building, *…

Architecture, General Terms
irimoya-zukuri 入母屋造 ✓

A hip-and-gable roof construction, or a building with this roof construction. A gable type roof has a ridge and gable…

Architecture, General Terms
irisumi 入隅 ✓

The internal angle made by the junction of two planes, such as walls, a wall and ceiling, or the inside angle made by the…

Architecture, General Terms
ishibadate 石場建

Also kanokodate 鹿の子建 and ishitsuki 石付. A technique used at a folk dwelling to attach a pillar to a…

Architecture, General Terms
ishiguchi 石口

The point at which a base stone and a pillar are joined. The upper surface of a plinth stone on which another stone may be…

Architecture, General Terms
ishiwari 石割

1 The cutting and arrangement of stones.

2 The layout of masonry.

Architecture, General Terms
ita 板

Also written 鈑 or 版. Originally a relatively thin flat timber, stone, or sheet of metal. In the medieval period (1185-1568…

Architecture, General Terms
ita ishi 板石

A thin, flat stone resembling a board. Also called a plate stone. The stone can be divided into three types depending on the…

Architecture, General Terms
ita ranma 板欄間 ✓

Traditional transoms that are made of wood and have sections filled with a single board, or one or two parts are filled with…

Architecture, General Terms
ita tenjō 板天井

Also called itabari tenjō 板張天井 or *hariita tenjō 張板天井…

Architecture, General Terms
itabei 板塀

A wooden board or plank fence. Wooden fences made of planks and set directly into the ground are called hottate itabei…

Architecture, General Terms
itabi 板碑 ✓

One type of pagoda or stupa, tōba 塔婆, in the form of a flat stone stele that became prevalent in the early 13th…

Architecture, General Terms
itabuki 板葺 ✓

Wood shingles. Widely used in Japan for buildings of many kinds, ranging from palaces, elite residences, shrines, and…

Architecture, General Terms, Folk Dwellings
itabuki yane 板葺屋根

A roof structure covered with boards or planks. Various names are used depending on the size of the boards. A large plan…

Architecture, General Terms
itachigai 板違 ✓

Wooden panels with the grain set in alternating directions in a coffered ceiling *…

Architecture, General Terms
itadatami 板畳

1 The boards covered by tightly woven straw mats *tatami 畳,…

Architecture, General Terms
itago 板子

An Edo period term for wooden planks with a rectangular cross-section, between 5 cm and 30 cm thick. These planks were cut…

Architecture, General Terms
itajiki 板敷

A common type of wooden board flooring commonly used before thick straw matting *tatami…

Architecture, General Terms
itakarado 板唐戸 ✓

Also read itagarado; also called itatobira 板扉. A 6th-7th century door made of a single, thick wooden plank…

Architecture, General Terms
itame 板目 ✓ 1 A board cut in such a way that the grain lines are not parallel but instead are rather pointed or having irregular wavy… Architecture, General Terms
itanoki 板軒 ✓

Thick boards used to cover exposed base rafters visible under eaves. Examples: Eihōji Kannondō 永保寺観音堂 (1315), Gifu…

Architecture, General Terms
itaosae 板押

Also read itaoshi. Battens used to prevent boards from moving. They are long, thin strips of wood set vertically…

Architecture, General Terms
itomasa 糸柾

A shortened form of itomasame 糸柾目. Straight, narrow grained wood. Two examples are Japanese arborvitae, nezuko…

Architecture, General Terms
itomen 糸面

A very narrow, chamfer about 3 mm wide, made by planing the corners of posts. The term has been used from the 17th century…

Architecture, General Terms
itsutesaki 五手先

A rare five-stepped bracket complex found at a temple on Sado 佐渡 Island, Niigata Prefecture.

Architecture, General Terms

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JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University