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  • Gates (20)
  • General Terms (255)
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  • Joints (22)
  • Lanterns (10)
  • Measurement (4)
  • Painting (197)
  • Roofing Tiles (35)
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Displaying 801 - 900 of 1040
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
kome-ishi 米石

Lit. rice stone. A type of granite from modern Nagano and Toyama Prefectures. Also called tsume-ishi 詰石, these…

Architecture, General Terms
komegata 込型

Sometimes read komigata. Also warikomegata 割込型. A sectioned mold. A type of mold used in metal…

Art History, Sculpture
komise 小店

Also written 小見世.



1 A deep covered walkway *hisashi…

Architecture, Folk Dwellings
komochi nishiki-e 子持錦絵

A type of trick picture, shikake-e 仕掛絵 where a separate picture is affixed to part of a colored print. When folded…

Art History, Painting
komochi shōji 子持障子

Two light wooden frames covered with translucent paper *shōji 障子, usually set…

Architecture, General Terms
komochi yamagata 子持山形

A decorative pattern consisting of a pair of parallel zig-zag lines, one thick and one thin.

Architecture, Decorations
kōmōga 紅毛画

Also known as oranda-e 阿蘭陀絵, also written 和蘭陀絵 or simply ranga 蘭画, meaning Dutch painting. Western-style…

Art History, Painting
Kōmokuten 広目天

Sk: Virupaksa. A guardian deity, believed to protect the west of Buddha's realm. Usually found as part of a group of Four…

Art History, Iconography
Kōmon 閤門

Also written 閣門. The gates on the inner enclosure of the Imperial Palace, and the small gates on each side of the Daigokuden…

Architecture, Gates
kōmon 後門

Lit. rear gate. The best known is found at Kitano Tenmangū 北野天満宮. The gate is an example of *…

Architecture, Gates
komon 小紋

Lit. small pattern. A small-scale repeated pattern usually in a single color against a colored ground. Originally used…

Art History, Crafts
komune-zukuri 小棟造

A building with a short roof ridge. One example is a hipped roof.

Architecture, General Terms
kondō 金堂 ✓

Lit. golden hall. The name given to the principal hall housing the most sacred images at Buddhist temples from the Asuka…

Architecture, Buildings, Structures
kondō 金銅

Also kondōzō 金銅造 (gilt bronze construction), kondōzō 金銅像 (gilt bronze statue), …

Art History, Sculpture
konehozo 小根ほぞ ✓

An angle joint *shiguchi 仕口 with a rabbeted tenon *…

Architecture, Joints
Kongara dōji 矜羯羅童子

Lit. the youth Kongara. One of two chief attendants of *Fudō Myōō 不動明王 (the…

Art History, Iconography
kongō hōza 金剛宝座

Also kongōza 金剛座. Lit. diamond throne. The throne on which the historical Buddha *…

Art History, Sculpture
Kongō 金剛

A gigaku mask *gigakumen 伎楽面 and role paired…

Art History, Sculpture
Kongō rikishi 金剛力士 ✓

Also *Niō 仁王, *…

Art History, Iconography
kongōban 金剛盤

Also banshi 盤子. A stand or tray on which are placed the *kongōsho…

Art History, Sculpture
Kongōkai hachijūisson mandara 金剛界八十一尊曼荼羅

Lit. Eighty-one Deity Mandala of the Adamantine Realm. A variety of *Kongōkai…

Art History, Iconography
Kongōkai mandara 金剛界曼荼羅

Lit. mandala of the Adamantine Realm (Sk: Vajradhatu mandala). A mandala *mandara…

Art History, Iconography
kongōrei 金剛鈴

A bell, usually of gilt bronze, rung during an Esoteric Buddhist service. Around the center of the handle are kimoku…

Art History, Sculpture
kongōsaku 金剛柵 ✓

Also kongōgaki 金剛垣. A fence made of vertical stakes with decoratively shaped tops resembling the *…

Architecture, General Terms
kongōsho 金剛杵

Lit. vajra pestle. A pestle-like object with pointed ends, derived from an Indian weapon. Usually made of gilt bronze, with…

Art History, Sculpture
Kongōyasha Myōō 金剛夜叉明王

Also written 金剛薬叉明王. Kongōyasha corresponds to Sanskrit vajrayaksa, which is also the name of one of the sixteen…

Art History, Iconography
Kōnin-Jōgan jidai 弘仁貞観時代

Also Kōnin jidai 弘仁時代 or, more frequently in art history, Jōgan jidai 貞観時代. The Kōnin-Jōgan…

Art History, General Terms
Konjikidō 金色堂

Also called Hikaridō 光堂 or Konjikiin 金色院. Lit. Gold colored hall. A small Buddhist edifice at…

Architecture, Buildings, Structures
konjō 紺青

A dark blue pigment traditionally derived from azurite or lapis-lazuli *gunjō…

Art History, Painting
Konju 胡飲酒

Lit. Barbarian drunkard. Also Suikoraku 酔胡楽 or En'onraku 宴飲楽. A dance piece in *…

Art History, Sculpture
Konmeichi-no-shōji 昆明池障子

A tall (6 shaku 尺, or 181.8 cm), single-panel, standing screen *tsuitate…

Art History, Painting
konoki 小軒

Lit. small or short eave. An eave, konoki, constructed of short rafters called flying rafters *…

Architecture, General Terms
Konpira 金比羅

Also synonymous with Kubira 宮毘羅. A god and leader of the *Yasha 夜又, the…

Art History, Iconography
Konpon chūdō 根本中堂

Lit. original central hall. The main hall, Kondō 金堂 of Enryakuji 延暦寺 (1640), Shiga Prefecture. A large single storied…

Architecture, Buildings, Structures
konrei chōdo 婚礼調度

Bridal trousseau. An Edo period daimyō 大名 bride brought to her husbands' home a lavish set of household…

Art History, Crafts
konrō 軒廊

Lit. eave corridor. A roofed corridor with open sides. A connecting corridor between two buildings.

Architecture, Buildings, Structures
konsei fukugōshiki 混成複合式

Lit. mixed complex system. A system of combining various architectural members into a unified structure. For example: the…

Architecture, General Terms
kōraiberi 高麗縁 ✓

Also kōraibuchi 高麗縁, monkōraiberi 紋高麗縁. A decorated binding used to make the edge of a straw mat *…

Architecture, Decorations
kōraimon 高麗門 ✓

A type of gate, lit. Korean gate. Also formerly called *kabukimon…

Architecture, Gates
Kōrakuji-ha 康楽寺派

The Kōrakuji school. A hereditary school of Buddhist painters *ebusshi 絵仏師…

Art History, Painting
kōran 高欄 ✓

Also written 鈎欄 or 勾欄, the latter said by some scholars to be the correct characters. But, 高欄 is the more common, popular…

Architecture, General Terms
kōrin moyō 光琳模様

Also kōrin mon'yō 光琳文様. Decorative designs which resemble the work of the artist Ogata Kōrin 尾形光琳 (1658-1716…

Art History, Painting
korō 鼓楼 ✓

A small, two-storied structure *rō-zukuri 楼造, in which a drum is suspended in…

Architecture, Buildings, Structures
kōro 香炉

Incense burner. Common materials are metal, pottery, horn, and lapis lazuli as well as various gems and woods. There are a…

Art History, Crafts
Korobase 崑崙八仙

Ch: Kunlun baxian. Lit. Eight Hermits of Mt. Konron. Also read Konron Hassen. Alternative name: Tsurumai…

Art History, Sculpture
korobashineda 転ばし根太

Also called umeneda 埋め根太. Sleepers placed directly on the ground or cement floor without using joints or struts.…

Architecture, General Terms
korobi 転

Lit. incline or inclination. Also called *uchikorobi 内転. The incline of…

Architecture, General Terms
kōroku 鉤勒

Ch: goule. Also written 鈎勒 or 勾勒 and called sōroku 雙鉤. One of the two primary techniques of Chinese…

Art History, Painting
koroku 胡ろく

Also read yanagui and written 胡禄. A kind of quiver which hangs from the right side of the waist with the arrowheads…

Art History, Crafts
kōryō 虹梁 ✓

Lit. rainbow beam. A generic term for any curved, transverse tie beam. It is used almost exclusively in temple or shrine…

Architecture, General Terms
kōryō kaerumata 虹梁蟇股 ✓

A structural framework for a roof that has a gable pediment arranged in a similar structure as the bottle shaped strut …

Architecture, General Terms
kōryō sasugumi 虹梁扠首組 ✓

A roof frame constructed with rainbow beams *kōryō 虹梁 that extend…

Architecture, General Terms
kōryō taiheizuka 虹梁大瓶束 ✓

A structural framework in the gable ends of a roof characterized by the use of bottle struts *…

Architecture, General Terms
kōryōgata-no-kashiranuki 虹梁形の頭貫

Also *mizuhiki kōryō 水引虹梁. A head penetrating tie beam *…

Architecture, General Terms
Kose-ha 巨勢派

The Kose school which was founded by Kose no Kanaoka 巨勢金岡, who held an important hereditary position in the 9th-century…

Art History, Painting
koshi byōbu 腰屏風

Type of screen similar to *makura byōbu 枕屏風 in format. They were slightly…

Art History, Painting
kōshi 格子

Latticework or grille. Normally latticework is made of wood and grille made of metal. Both are laid out in a grid. The most…

Architecture, General Terms
kōshi irimado 格子入窓 ✓

A latticed window with immovable lattice inserted into the window frame. The window is called degōshimado 出格子窓 if…

Architecture, General Terms
Kōshi 孔子

Ch: Kongzi. Confucius (551-479 BC). The seminal Chinese philosopher of the late Spring and Autumn period. His family name…

Art History, Painting
koshi 腰

Lit. hip or haunch.


1 The wainscoting, or wooden panelling, below the mid-point of a wall, or the…

Architecture, General Terms
koshibari-ita 腰貼板

Paneling or plain boards used to finish the lower part of a wall. If only the term *…

Architecture, General Terms
koshibari 腰貼 ✓

Also written 腰張, 腰紙貼. The pasting of paper on the lower part of the clay wall in a tea ceremony room, one piece of which is…

Architecture, Tea Houses
kōshidai 格子台

The oldest method used to insert lattice directly into the members of the window opening. The vertical muntins are inserted…

Architecture, General Terms
koshidakashōji 腰高障子 ✓

Also called koshidaka akarishōji 腰高明障子, or only koshidaka. A translucent paper-covered sliding screen *…

Architecture, General Terms
koshigumi 腰組 ✓

A bracket complex, used under the balcony of high gates, beneath the multiple roofs of pagodas and the main roof of two-…

Architecture, General Terms
koshiguruwa 腰郭

Lit. waist compound. In a mountain castle *yamajiro 山城, a…

Architecture, Castles
koshiire mechigaitsuki aritsugi 腰入目違付蟻継 ✓

A half-lapped, half-blind, tenoned dovetail joint. The indented piece is cut with a bench (hip, koshi 腰), open in…

Architecture, Joints
koshikake aritsugi 腰掛蟻継 ✓

A half-lap, dovetailed joint. Also shikimen aritsugi 敷面蟻継, shikimen arihozotsugi 敷面蟻ほぞ継, koshikake…

Architecture, Joints
koshikake kamatsugi 腰掛鎌継 ✓

Also shikimen kamatsugi 敷面鎌継. A half-lap, gooseneck tenon joint. An end joint which combines two joints: a half-lap…

Architecture, Joints
koshikake machiai 腰掛待合 ✓

A place provided in a tea garden where the mood and expectations of the participants are intensified while they wait until…

Architecture, Tea Houses
koshikake 腰掛

Lit. Lap or bench. A basic part of many joints. Although similar to the *aigaki…

Architecture, Joints
koshikaketsugi 腰掛継

Also *koshi 腰; kasanetsugi 重継. Lit. seat joint. A simple…

Architecture, Joints
kōshimado 格子窓

A latticed window. One type resembles *renjimado 連子窓. The laths are narrower…

Architecture, General Terms
koshimaki doi 腰巻土居

Also termed koshimaki-ishigaki 腰巻石垣, a waist-bandstone wall. A stone wall built around the lower part of an earthen…

Architecture, Castles
koshimaki 腰巻

Lit: hip wrap. Part of the formal summer attire of elite warrior women, and placed over the *…

Art History, Crafts
koshinageshi 腰長押

A horizontal non-penetrating tie beam *nageshi 長押 positioned below the…

Architecture, General Terms
koshinuki 腰貫

Lit. hip tie beam. Penetrating tie beams placed horizontally slightly below the center of pillars on exterior walls of…

Architecture, General Terms
koshō 胡床

Also shōgi 床几. A folding chair or a stool. These folding chairs were derived from the chairs used by the Huns (Jp:…

Architecture, Folk Dwellings
kōshoku-zu 耕職図

Ch: gengzhitu. Lit. pictures of agriculture and sericulture. In China the theme was originally reserved for court…

Art History, Painting
kōshū kurama-ishi 甲州鞍馬石

Also called shinkurama-ishi 新鞍馬石 and kōshūmikage-ishi 甲州御影石. A type of low quality granite quarried in…

Architecture, Gardens
kosode 小袖

Lit. small sleeves. A modern generic name for all full-length garments made before the Meiji period. Originally a lower-…

Art History, Crafts
kōsōden-e 高僧伝絵

Sometimes called *eden 絵伝. Pictorial biographies of revered Buddhist priests and…

Art History, Painting
Kōsoshū 後素集

Collection on Painting, a seminal Japanese book on Chinese paintings written in 1623 by Kano Ikkei 狩野一渓 (1599-1662), the…

Art History, Painting, Document
kōsōzō 高僧像

Statue of a high priest. These portrait statues were often made by pupils as a sign of respect and reverence for their…

Art History, Sculpture
kote 篭手

Also written 小手. Formerly tamaki 手纏, taōi 臂覆. A gauntlet that protected the arms and hands. It was…

Art History, Sculpture
kotenomi 鏝鑿

A trowel chisel. A type of paring chisel *tsukinomi 突鑿, with…

Architecture, Tools
kotenshu 小天守

A small subsidiary tower. When a castle complex has two or more donjons, the largest is called *…

Architecture, Castles
kotobagaki 詞書

The textual portion of an illustrated handscroll *emaki 絵巻. …

Art History, Painting
kotobide 小飛出

A Noh mask *nōmen 能面 representing the spirit of a fox or other…

Art History, Sculpture
kotojigata tōrō 琴柱形灯籠

A lantern found on the north bank of Kasumigaike 霞が池 in Kenrokuen 兼六園, Ishikawa Prefecture. It is very large, approximately…

Architecture, Lanterns
Kotokuraku 胡徳楽

Dance of the Virtuous Barbarians, a piece in *bugaku 舞楽 and a…

Art History, Sculpture
kotsugaki 骨描き

A painting technique used to draw an object or motif in light ink strokes. Used since the Edo period during the final steps…

Art History, Painting
kowatari 古渡

Also read koto. Also jidaiwatari 時代渡. Lit. Old importation. Foreign objects, including art works, books,…

Art History, General Terms
koya aratameguchi 小屋改口

Also called tenjō aratameguchi 天井改口. Lit. roof structure inspecting entrance. A trapdoor built into a ceiling to…

Architecture, General Terms
koyabari 小屋梁

Also called rokubari 陸梁. The bottom most transverse tie beam *hari 梁 in…

Architecture, General Terms
koyagumi 小屋組 ✓

Roof truss or framework; the frame with diagonal members on either side of a strut *tsuka…

Architecture, General Terms
koyane 小屋根

Lit. a small roof. A small roof built over a shed or subordinate structure attached to a main building. Examples include a…

Architecture, General Terms
Koyomibari-no-seki 暦張の席

Also called Koyomitei 暦亭. The old calendar papers that were pasted to the base of the mud plaster wall of a small…

Architecture, Tea Houses
kōzama 格狭間

Also written 香狭間, and abbreviated to *sama 狭間. Formerly called *…

Art History, Sculpture, General Terms, Architecture
kozashiki 小座敷

Also *koma 小間. Lit. a small room. An old name for a small sized tea ceremony room…

Architecture, Tea Houses

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JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University