| Title | Contains Image(s) | Description | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|
| jigokuhozo 地獄ほぞ | ✓ | Lit. hell tenon. So named because once it is inserted, it is impossible to withdraw. A blind tenon joint with wedges *… |
Architecture, Joints |
| jiguchi-e 地口絵 | A picture based on a word pun, popular around the mid-18th century. Most were drawn by town painters *… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jigyō 地業 | Also 地形 chikei. The preliminary foundation work on a building. Materials for this include: rubble *… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jihatsu 地髪 | Hair on the head of a Buddha *nyorai 如来 statue, not including the *… | Art History, Sculpture | |
| jihiro 地火炉 | Also read jikaro. |
Architecture, Aristocratic Dwellings, Folk Dwellings | |
| jihisō 慈悲相 | Also bosatsusō 菩薩相. The expression of compassion found on Buddhist images. The opposite is *… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jikidō 食堂 | Also called saidō 斎堂. A refectory. An independent building on temple grounds where priests and monks had their… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures | |
| jikirō 食籠 | A lidded food container, usually layered and lacquered with decorations of sunken gold *… |
Art History, Crafts | |
| jikkai zu 十界図 | Lit. Picture of the ten realms. In Buddhism the ten realms jikkai 十界 refer to the ten realms of being, which are… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jikkan jūnishi 十干十二支 | Also kanshi 干支 and eto えと. Ch: shigan shierzhi. Lit. ten stems and twelve branches. Referred to… |
Art History, Painting | |
| Jikokuten 持国天 | Sk: Dhrtarastra. A guardian deity with fierce expression *funnusō 忿怒相,… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jiku 軸 | 1 A roller used for a hanging scroll *kakemono 掛物 or hand… |
Art History, Painting, Tea Houses, Architecture | |
| jikuana 軸穴 | Also 軸孔; jikuzuriana 軸吊穴; jiku uke 軸受; tobira jikuana 扉軸穴. The socket into which the pivot hinge… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jikubu 軸部 | The framework or body of a building between the foundation and the roof structure. In traditional architecture it includes… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jikukakekugi 軸掛釘 | Also jikukugi 軸釘, kakemonokugi 掛物釘. A hook for hanging scrolls, *… |
Architecture, Tea Houses | |
| jikuzuri 軸吊 | ✓ | Also written 軸釣, 軸摺. Pivot hinge. A metal covered wooden-core pivot inserted into a socket *… |
Architecture, General Terms |
| jimotsu 持物 | Also read jibutsu. Sk: lakasana. The hand-held attributes of a Buddhist image. Along with the mudra *… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jimune 地棟 | A base ridge. |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jinaimachi 寺内町 | Also jinaichō. A type of religious township that developed in the Sengoku period in connection mainly with temples… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jinbaori 陣羽織 | Campaign jacket. A short garment worn over armor. Based on European prototypes introduced by the Portuguese at the end of… |
Art History, Crafts | |
| jinbutsu jūhachibyō 人物十八描 | Ch: renwu shibamiao. Lit. eighteen types of figural portrayal. A group of brush styles traditionally employed in painting to… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jinchū 人中 | Also ninchū. A vertical groove between the nose and upper lip of Buddhist images. The jinchū differed… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jingūji 神宮寺 | Also called jingoji 神護寺, jingū'in 神宮院, jinganji 神願寺, miyadera 宮寺, or bettōji… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures | |
| jinja kenchiku 神社建築 | Lit. shrine architecture. The architecture associated with Shinto shrines, including all the shrine buildings, shaden… |
Architecture, Shrines | |
| jinja 神社 | ✓ | A generic name for a Shinto shrine. Before World War Two shrines were classified into five categorize: first rank, … |
Architecture, Shrines |
| Jinja Taishō 深沙大将 | Also read Jinja Daishō. Lit. General Deep-Sand. A divinity said to have appeared in a dream to the renowned Chinese… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jinjiro 陣城 | Lit. camp fortress. A temporary fortification constructed on a battlefield or stopping-place by armies on the march, used… |
Architecture, Castles | |
| jintai 神体 | Lit. God body or God style; also written 神容. A noh mask*nōmen 能面 representing a… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jinuki 地貫 | Also called shimonuki 下貫. A penetrating tie beam at the base of a pillar or a tie beam beneath a building's… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jinuri 地塗り | A base coat. The process of preparing ancient painting surfaces by completely covering the materials used, such as paper,… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jirenge 持蓮華 | An object shaped like a lotus bud and stem used in Buddhist rituals, particularly favored by the Ji 時 sect. Usually made of… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jiro 地炉 | Also *ro 炉 |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jisanzō 自賛像 | A portrait bearing a poetic inscription written by the painter. |
Art History, Painting | |
| jishin bansho 自身番所 | The office or guardroom provided in each city ward *machi 町, in the city of Edo… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jissaku 十作 | The Ten Greatest Ancient Sculptors of Noh masks *nōmen 能面… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jisumigi 地隅木 | A base hip rafter found at the corners of a roof. Ordinary rafters *jidaruki… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| Jitchikusai shogafu 十竹斎書画譜 | Ch: Shizhuzhai shuhuapu. Ten Bamboo Studio Manual of Painting, a late Ming period color woodblock-printed… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jitō 耳とう | Also nitō. Round earrings found on sculpted Buddhist images. These were used on Chinese figures, but were extremely… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jitsubushi 地潰し | Also tsubushi 潰し. A plain background of a single color on a woodblock print *… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jitsugetsu sansui zu 日月山水図 | Also jitsugetsu zu 日月図. A pictorial subject that combines the motifs of the sun and moon in landscapes of the four… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jizaikagi 自在鈎 | ✓ | A pothook. A device that enables a pot nabe 鍋 or tea kettle tetsubin 鉄瓶 to be suspended over a sunken… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings, Tea Houses |
| Jizō 地蔵 | Lit. earth repository (Sk: Ksitigarbha). A bodhisattva *bosatsu 菩薩 believed to… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jizō gōshi 地蔵格子 | A latticed door made with both horizontal and vertical laths at the same surface level. There are no recessed laths nailed… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jizōdō 地蔵堂 | ✓ | A temple hall where the Buddhist deity *Jizō 地蔵 (Sk. Ksitigarbha) is… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures |
| jizumi 地墨 | Making carbon ink *sumi 墨 by grinding an ink stick on an inkstone… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jō 畳 | Also written 帖. |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jō-in Amida 定印阿弥陀 | Amida with the jō-in 定印 or *zenjō-in 禅定印 (Sk: dhyanamudra;… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jō 帖 | 1 A form of concertina-folded book *orihon 折本. |
Art History, Painting | |
| jō 丈 | A unit of linear measure that equals 3.03 meters or about 10 feet. Equivalent to 10 shaku 尺. Although the metric… |
Architecture, Measurement | |
| jōbyō tekitō 浄瓶てき倒 | Ch: Jingping tidao. Also reads jōhei tōtō. A painting subject of the Tang dynasty Zen priests Izan Reiyū い山霊祐 (Ch:… |
Art History, Painting | |
| Jōchōyō 定朝様 | A style of sculpture created by the Buddhist sculptor *busshi 仏師 Jōchō 定朝 (?-… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jōdan 上段 | ✓ | A dais or a part of the floor in aristocratic dwellings of the *shoin 書院 style,… |
Architecture, Aristocratic Dwellings |
| Jōdo Goso 浄土五祖 | The Five Chinese Patriarchs of the Pure Land Jōdo 浄土 sect. The sect was organized in Japan by *… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jōdo hensō 浄土変相 | Abbreviation of jōdo hensō zu 浄土変相図. Also known as jōdo mandara 浄土曼荼羅. Pictorial representations, often… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| Jōdo sanmandara 浄土三曼荼羅 | Lit. three Pure Land Mandalas. Traditionally refers to the three most famous types of *… |
Architecture, Iconography | |
| jōdo teien 浄土庭園 | Lit. Pure Land garden. Large pond gardens at Pure Land Buddhist temples which recreate the palatial garden of *… |
Architecture, Gardens | |
| Jōdodō 浄土堂 | Lit. Pure Land Hall. The main hall of the Shingon 真言 sect temple of Jōdoji 浄土寺 in Hyōgo Prefecture, dedicated to *… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures | |
| Jōdokyō bijutsu 浄土教美術 | Art of the Pure Land faith. Originating in the Nara period, Pure Land Buddhism is a more personal form of the faith than… |
Art History, General Terms | |
| jōfu 上布 | Lit. superior cloth. A jōfu lightweight, fine hand-woven cloth made lightweight from delicate hand-twisted ramie… |
Art History, Crafts | |
| jōfuku 条幅 | A hanging scroll *kakemono 掛物 made of a paper called *… |
Art History, Painting | |
| Jōgan gishiki 貞観儀式 | The Jōgan gishiki is a ten volume collection of ceremony regulations compiled by Fujiwara Ujimune 藤原氏宗 by order of… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| Jōge nidanshiki teien 上下二段式庭園 | Lit. upper-lower, two-step style garden. A modern term designating a common type of bipartite garden featuring a small pond… |
Architecture, Gardens | |
| jōge 上下 | Also called tenchi 天地 or jidai 地題. A part of the mounting of a hanging scroll *… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jōgi 定規 | ✓ | A gauge used to confirm the straightness of structural members. A structural member is placed between the two boards of the… |
Architecture, Tools |
| jōgibiki 定規引き | Also called *kaiga 界画. A line drawing technique where a straight edge or… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jōgo zukuri 漏斗造 | Also called jōgomune 漏斗棟. A roof-style found on vernacular houses *minka… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jōgyōdō 常行堂 | Also called jōgyō sanmaidō 常行三昧堂. A hall where a devotee walks around a statue of the *… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures | |
| jōhachi 丈八 | A standard height for a Buddhist statue. A variation of the *jōroku 丈六.… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jōhaku 条帛 | A decorative scarf worn by Buddhist deities and guardian figures. It is draped diagonally across the upper body, usually… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| Jōi Monju 縄衣文殊 | Also read Jōe Monju (Ch: shengyi wenshu). Lit. rope-robed *Monju… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jōi 上居 | Also written 常居. |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jōjōdan 上々段 | ✓ | A relatively small space elevated one step higher than the *jōdan 上段,… |
Architecture, Aristocratic Dwellings |
| jōkamachi 城下町 | Lit. town below the castle. A castle town. A town's fortress was located as a rule in a mountain, while the accompanying… |
Architecture, Castles | |
| Jōmeimon 承明門 | ✓ | Also read Shōmeimon, called *Kōmon 閤門. A large, single-storied gate… |
Architecture, Gates |
| jōmen 尉面 | A mask representing an old man, jō 尉, in particular the old men masks of the *… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| Jōmon jidai 繩文時代 | Lit. cord-mark period. The Jōmon period ran from ca. 10,000 BC-ca. 300 BC. The period takes its name from the decoration on… |
Art History, General Terms | |
| jōōgata tōrō 紹鴎形灯籠 | A lantern with a canopy and a square fire holder higuchi 火口 supported below the middle base by a single natural… |
Architecture, Lanterns | |
| jorinmoku 如鱗杢 | Also 如鱗木, gyorinmoku 魚鱗木. Lit. curly wood-grain. |
Architecture, Decorations | |
| jōroku 丈六 | A standard height for a Buddhist statue. Abbreviation of one *jō 丈 and six … |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jōsaku 城柵 | 1 A fence around a castle. See *saku 柵. |
Architecture, Castles | |
| jōsei kidan 上成基壇 | ✓ | The upper level of a two-stepped podium *nijū kidan 二重基壇. The lower level is… |
Architecture, General Terms |
| jōshikō ganna 上仕工鉋 | Special finishing plane. A smoothing plane used in the final stages of wood preparation to get a glossy surface on timber,… |
Architecture, Tools | |
| jōshō 縄床 | Also written 縄牀. Also jōton 縄榻. A rough chair, originally from India, with the back or seat wrapped in rope or cord… |
Art History, Sculpture | |
| jōya 上屋 | Lit. upper house. Principal part of farmhouse structure. The central portion of the cross-section of the structural frame in… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jōyabari 上屋梁 | Principal transverse beam. The beam that receives the diagonal braces at the end of a gable roof. It also supports the ridge… |
Architecture, General Terms | |
| jōyabashira 上屋柱 | 1 The posts which support the ends of the principal transverse beams *… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jōyageta 上屋桁 | The purlins or plates *keta 桁, supported on the main frame posts *… |
Architecture, Folk Dwellings | |
| jōzadoko 上座床 | Lit. upper seat alcove. Also read kamizadoko. An alcove *tokonoma… |
Architecture, Tea Houses | |
| jū 重 | A story or level of a building, used especially in reference to a pagoda. For example, a *… |
Architecture, Measurement | |
| jūben rengemon 重弁蓮華文 | ✓ | A roof tile style with a lotus pattern with double layered petals. The additional petals are placed between the leaf sprout… |
Architecture, Roofing Tiles |
| jūben 重弁 | A layered petal motif with one or more petals superimposed one on top of another. It is found on some pendants *… |
Architecture, Roofing Tiles | |
| jūbō 住房 | The earliest (6th-12th century) Buddhist living quarters for priests' and monks. Arranged outside the sacred area containing… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures | |
| jūdai deshi 十大弟子 | Abbreviation of Shaka jūdai deshi 釈迦十大弟子. The Ten Chief Disciples of the historical Buddha *… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| jūgyū 十牛 | Ch: jiuniu. Lit. ten bulls. A Zen 禅 (Ch: chan) allegory in which Buddhist training, from first initiation to final… |
Art History, Painting | |
| jūhozo 重ほぞ | ✓ | Also called kasanehozo 重ねほぞ; also ryōhozo 両ほぞ. Lit. a stacked tenon. A tenon with a 2-stepped broad… |
Architecture, Joints |
| Jūichimen Kannon 十一面観音 | Sk: Ekadasamukha. Eleven-headed Kannon; a form of *Kannon 観音 with eleven miniature faces… |
Art History, Iconography | |
| Jūjūtō 十重塔 | A unique, ten-story stone pagoda *sekitō 石塔 at Injōji 引接寺(1386) in Kyoto.… |
Architecture, Buildings, Structures | |
| juka bijin 樹下美人 | ✓ | Ch: shuxia meiren. A painting theme of a beautiful woman under a tree. The subject found throughout Asia may have… |
Art History, Painting |
| jūkenmon 重圏文 | A pattern composed of concentric circles on a pendant *gatō 瓦当 and parallel… |
Architecture, Roofing Tiles | |
| jukōgata tōrō 珠光形灯籠 | Also read shukōgata tōrō. Also written shikōgata 四光形. A type of lantern with a gently rounded canopy… |
Architecture, Lanterns |
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