Skip to main content

JAANUS

  • # (1)
  • a (30)
  • b (12)
  • c (16)
  • d (36)
  • e (23)
  • f (28)
  • g (25)
  • h (144)
  • i (46)
  • j (24)
  • k (231)
  • m (127)
  • n (117)
  • o (35)
  • r (25)
  • s (195)
  • t (126)
  • u (30)
  • w (14)
  • y (48)
  • z (11)
  • (-) General Terms (145)
  • Architecture (135)
  • Art History (11)
  • Folk Dwellings (1)
  • Sculpture (1)

Displaying 1 - 100 of 145
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
fuebashira 笛柱

Lit. flute post. The thick post at the right rear corner of a noh stage, *…

Architecture, General Terms
Fujiwara jidai 藤原時代

Fujiwara period. A period of approximately two hundred years corresponding to the Middle Heian period (Heian chūki…

Art History, General Terms
fukioroshi 葺下

Also written 葺卸. The extension of a roof or the elongation of eaves on the main part of a building in order to cover an…

Architecture, General Terms
fukitsuchi 吹土

The layer of clay spread on sheathing, *shitaji 下地, sometimes called …

Architecture, General Terms
fukiyose 吹寄

1 The arrangement of muntins, lattice (*fukiyose gōshi…

Art History, General Terms, Sculpture, Architecture
fukiyose daruki 吹寄垂木 ✓

The grouping of two or three parallel rafters placed closely together with a wide space between each group. The spaces…

Architecture, General Terms
fukiyose gōshi 吹寄格子 ✓

Lit. grouped or varying numbered lattice. Lattice or small beams arranged to form patterns in transoms, *…

Architecture, General Terms
fukiyosebashira 吹寄柱 Evenly spaced pillars or posts that are arranged so that two or more are in line. The amount of the space between the… Architecture, General Terms
fukubachi 伏鉢

Also written 覆鉢; also called fukuhatsu ふくはつ. The small inverted bowl-like fixture placed on the box-like cover, *…

Architecture, General Terms
fukumi 含 ✓

A channel. The part of a bearing block, *masu 斗, that is cut out either as a one-…

Architecture, General Terms
fumisagari 踏下

The distance from the ridge of a roof, *munagi 棟木, to the eave end, *…

Architecture, General Terms
fumizura 踏面

Also called fumi-ita 踏板. The horizontal surface, known as the tread, on steps or stairs. The board, plank, or…

Architecture, General Terms
funahijiki 舟肘木 ✓

A boat-shaped bracket arm placed directly on top of a pillar to carry a purlin, *gagyō…

Architecture, General Terms
funazoko tenjō 舟底天井

Also called *yakata tenjō 屋形天井, an upside-down houseboat-shaped ceiling. A…

Architecture, General Terms
furesumi 振隅

Refers to the pitch of a roof that is different on the front and back from the pitch of the sides. The hip rafters at the…

Architecture, General Terms
furesumigi 振隅木

A hip rafter, *sumigi 隅木, which cannot bisect the purlins, *…

Architecture, General Terms
furiwake 振分

The center line of a surface that has been divided equally. The line may run vertically or horizontally. This center point…

Architecture, General Terms
furoku 不陸 Lit. not horizontal. A surface which is not flat or horizontal to the ground. Architecture, General Terms
fuse-zu 伏図

A framing plan showing the structural arrangement and details of various parts of a building including the floor, ceiling,…

Architecture, General Terms
fushin 普請

Originally, the solicitation of great numbers of people to help construct Zen temple buildings. By the 14th century, …

Architecture, General Terms
fushinchō 普請帳 ✓

The ledger or account books in which material and labor costs incurred during a construction project were recorded. …

Architecture, General Terms
fushoku 腐蝕

Wood rot. Wood rot can be either dry rot, kanshoku 乾蝕, or wet rot, shisshoku 湿蝕. Wet rot is particularly…

Architecture, General Terms
fusuma 襖 ✓

An abbreviation for fusumashōji 襖障子, an opaque sliding screen, as distinguished from the translucent screen, *…

Architecture, General Terms
futakoshi yane 二腰屋根

A roof that has two different inclines between the ridge and eave ends. It changes its direction of flow without any…

Architecture, General Terms
futanoki 二軒 ✓

A double row of rafters, called base rafters and flying rafters, that appears beneath the eaves of a roof. The base rafters…

Architecture, General Terms
futate hijiki 二手肘木 A bracket arm that forms the second outward step of a two-stepped bracket complex. Architecture, General Terms
futatesakigumi 二手先組 ✓

Also called futatesaki tokyō 二手先斗きょう or futatesaki kumimono 二手先組物. A bracket complex composed of two steps…

Architecture, General Terms
futatsudo tokyō 二(双)斗斗(きょう)

Also written 双斗斗きょう and pronounced the same way, or these characters can be read narabido tokyō or sōdo tokyō…

Architecture, General Terms
naga-itabuki 長板葺

1 An early term for long boards used on roofs. Records dating from the 8th century first used the terms…

Architecture, General Terms
nagare 流

Lit. "flowing."

1 The flow of the roof line from the ridge *…

Architecture, General Terms
nagate 長手

The long side of a timber, or a timber placed in a lengthwise direction.

Architecture, General Terms
nagaya 長屋

Longhouse, or row house. A house with a long ridge. Also indicates a house with a number of residences connected under a…

Architecture, General Terms
nagekakebari 投掛梁 ✓

A transverse beam *hari 梁 made in two sections and coupled by a stub-tenon-…

Architecture, General Terms
nageshi 長押 ✓

Non-penetrating tie beams that are made to fit around pillars *hashira 柱 of…

Architecture, General Terms
nageshibiki 長押挽

A long rectangular beam cut along a diagonal cross-section and used as a non-penetrating tie *nageshi…

Architecture, General Terms
naginatazori 長刀反

A sudden strong, upward curve at the corner ends of eaves. Especially characteristic of the Zen style *…

Architecture, General Terms
naiheki 内壁

1 An interior wall partition.

2 The inner surface of a wall.

Architecture, General Terms
naijin 内陣 ✓

The inner sanctum located in the main halls *kondō 金堂 or *…

Architecture, General Terms
naijinbashira 内陣柱 ✓

Also called moyabashira 母屋柱; irikawabashira入側柱. The pillars placed on the boundary between, or slightly…

Architecture, General Terms
naka-no-kuchi 中の口

1 A semi-formal entrance to Honmaru Goten 本丸御殿, the main palace in Edo-jō 江戸城. It was situated at the east…

Architecture, General Terms
naka-no-to 中の戸

1 A generic term for a door connecting two areas of a structure.


2 A door in the…

Architecture, General Terms
nakadoi 中樋 ✓

A rain gutter placed at the bottom point where two roofs meet. Similar to *narabidō 双堂…

Architecture, General Terms
nakagamachi 中框

Also called nakazan 中桟. A middle rail. A horizontal rail or rails inserted into stiles tategamachi 竪框 and…

Architecture, General Terms
nakahōdate 中方立

A vertical, finishing strip of wood placed between the threshold *shikii 敷居 and…

Architecture, General Terms
nakai 中居

1 A private service-oriented room in the mansions of aristocrats, warriors, retired emperors, abbots and…

Architecture, General Terms, Folk Dwellings
nakako 中子 ✓

Also called sakuko 柵子, kakusaku 角柵, marutazaku 丸太柵. The stakes used to support the fencing set in…

Architecture, General Terms
nakanuri 中塗り ✓

Also called chūgomi 中込, nakazuke or chūzuke 中付. A middle layer of plaster applied between the…

Architecture, General Terms
nakaore 中折

An architectural element that is bent or has a concave mid-point. A diagonal brace, for example, if less than 90 cm wide,…

Architecture, General Terms
nakashikii 中敷居

Also read chūjikii. Lit. "middle sill." A sill on a shelf that divides a closet into two parts, lower and upper.…

Architecture, General Terms
nakasukido 中透戸

Also called nakashōji 中障子, yoshiwara shōji 吉原障子, takeshōji 竹障子, nakanukido 中抜戸 and …

Architecture, General Terms
nakatatezan 中竪桟

Also written 中縦桟. A vertical stile placed at the mid-point of a paneled door. A centrally placed horizontal stile is called…

Architecture, General Terms
nakatsubo 中坪

Also written 中壷. The inner court between shop and living quarters in a merchant's house in the Edo period.

Architecture, General Terms
nakazonae 中備 ✓

Also written 中具. Secondary or intermediate supports placed in the interstices between the bracket complexes *…

Architecture, General Terms
nakazuka 中束 ✓

A generic term for struts *tsuka 束 that are set at the mid-point between two…

Architecture, General Terms
namigata renji 波型連子

Also namirenji 波連子, yumirenji 弓連子, tatewaki renji 立涌連子. A type of latticework renji…

Architecture, General Terms
nanban-e 南蛮絵

Western painting brought by the Portuguese and Spanish who arrived in Japan in the 16th century, nanban bijutsu…

Art History, General Terms
nanban 南蛮

Lit. "Southern barbarian art." Considered to be the first manifestation of direct Western influence on Japanese culture,…

Art History, General Terms
Nanbokuchō jidai 南北朝時代

The Southern and Northern Court period (1336-92). It takes its name from two separate antagonistic Imperial courts supported…

Art History, General Terms
nando 納戸

1 A store room in which clothes and valuables could be kept in the houses of the civil, ecclesiastical and…

Architecture, General Terms
Nara jidai 奈良時代

The Nara period (645-794). In 645 a coup to restore Imperial authority was carried out by Prince Naka no Ōe 中大兄 (later,…

Art History, General Terms
natsushōji 夏障子 ✓

Also sudare shōji 簾障子. Sliding screens *shōji 障子, that are…

Architecture, General Terms
nawakakenuki 縄掛貫

Also called nawakakesan or nawakakezan 縄掛桟, also pronounced nawakakezan. Lit. "rope-hanging beam…

Architecture, General Terms
nayotake 弱竹

Also called medake 女竹; ganchiku 含竹, shinobedake しのべ竹 or naedake 苗竹. Thin bamboo…

Architecture, General Terms
ne-ishi 根石

Lit. "root stone."

1 Also soko-ishi 底石 (base stone), chizen-ishi 地全石, dodai-…

Architecture, General Terms
neda 根太 ✓

A floor joist. A horizontal structural member made of cypress, cedar or pine, laid on a sleeper *…

Architecture, General Terms
neda tenjō 根太天井 ✓

A ceiling made over the first floor of a two story building. The ceiling has joists above it which form the structural base…

Architecture, General Terms
nedauke 根太受

Horizontal supports which receive floor joists. Also called *ōbiki 大引.

Architecture, General Terms
nehijiki 根肘木 ✓

Also called *manekihijiki 招肘木. A small bracket arm, a…

Architecture, General Terms
nekase 根械

Lit. "root fetters." Also called umekasenuki 埋械貫, nekasenuki 根械貫, negaraminuki 根がらみ貫. Large flat…

Architecture, General Terms
nekoma shōji 猫間障子

Also *magoshōji 孫障子. A small sliding panel set within a standard…

Architecture, General Terms
nekousu 猫臼

Also nekoza 猫座; nekogi 猫木. A short piece of wood projecting from the upper part of a pillar or from the…

Architecture, General Terms
nemaki 根巻

Also nezutsumi 根包. A wrap made of spaced wooden slats bound together with rope or metal strips, ornamented metal…

Architecture, General Terms
nengō 年号

Era name. The practice of naming eras originated in China when the first era name, Jian wu (Jp: Kengen 建元), was given to the…

Art History, General Terms
nenjibutsu 念持仏

Also jibutsu 持仏 and uchibotoke 内仏. A Buddhist image which is kept at close proximity for personal daily…

Art History, General Terms
nenki 年記

The date of production of a work of art. Nenki are often accompanied by the signature of the artist shomei…

Art History, General Terms
neribei 練塀 ✓

A mud fence (a type of earthen wall *dobei 土塀) constructed with…

Architecture, General Terms
netsugi 根継 The process used to repair the bottom part of pillars and the rotten parts of other structural members of a building by… Architecture, General Terms
nezumibashiri 鼠走 ✓

Also nezubashiri, tokami 椙. Also called jiku-ukemagusa 軸受まぐさ. A horizontal timber with a…

Architecture, General Terms
nezumigaeshi 鼠返

A flat wooden device placed between the top of a post and under the timber flooring of a log storehouse *…

Architecture, General Terms
nezumikido 鼠木戸

1 The audience's entrance at a theater or place of entertainment during the Muromachi period. Even when the…

Architecture, General Terms
nijū kidan 二重基壇 ✓

Also nisei kidan 二成基壇. A stepped podium with two layers. The upper layer is called *…

Architecture, General Terms
nijū nageshi 二重長押

A double-layered non-penetrating tie beam with the upper layer often as thick as the lower one. These are found as base tie…

Architecture, General Terms
nijū orekugi 二重折釘 ✓

Also called kakemonokugi 掛物釘. A type of hooked nail *orekugi 折釘. A…

Architecture, General Terms
nijūbari 二重梁 ✓

Two-tiered transverse beams with struts between them to form part of a roof framework. The upper transverse beam is about…

Architecture, General Terms
nijūkōryō kaerumata 二重虹梁蟇股 ✓

A framework used especially in temples and shrines to sustain the roof. It is composed of double rainbow beams *…

Architecture, General Terms
nijūkōryō makito 二重虹梁巻斗 ✓

A roof framework in which only smaller bearing blocks *makito 巻斗 are placed on…

Architecture, General Terms
nikaibari 二階梁

A transverse tie beam positioned between the ceiling of the first storied and the floor of the second storied of a building…

Architecture, General Terms
niwa 庭

1 A defined open space, as distinct from the natural landscape, and reserved for work of an agricultural…

Architecture, General Terms
no-ishi 野石

Also *ara-ishi 荒石. An unprocessed stone, a rough stone, an unrefined…

Architecture, General Terms
no-ita 野板

An unplanned, unfinished rough timber. Generally the timbers are split with a wedge and not processed any further.

Architecture, General Terms
no 野

1 A prefix attached to the name of a structural member to indicate that the member is not visible.…

Architecture, General Terms
nobe 延 ✓

1 In a general sense nobe means the entire length of any timber used in construction.

…

Architecture, General Terms
nobito 延び斗 ✓

Also nobeto 延べ斗. A rectangular bearing block that is wider than usual and supports a corner bracket arm *…

Architecture, General Terms
nobori 登

Lit. "ascendance; to go up; rise."

1 A sloping line or surface and the measurements of these surface…

Architecture, General Terms
nobori-katsuraishi 登葛石

The sleeve or curb stones that slant along each side of the stone steps leading up to a podium *…

Architecture, General Terms
noboribari 登梁 ✓

Lit. "rising beam," "raking beam."

1 Also *noboriki 登木 or…

Architecture, General Terms
noborikasa-ishi 登笠石

Gable coping or raking coping. Coping, a protective covering, provided on sloping areas or edges such as on a gable roof *…

Architecture, General Terms
noboriki 登り木

Also pronounced noborigi. Also called *noboribari 登梁.

1 …

General Terms, Architecture
noborinoki 登軒

Also called sobanoki 傍軒. Also called raking beams. The inclined eaves along the edge of the bargeboards *…

General Terms, Architecture
noboriuragō 登裏甲

Also called keisha uragō 傾斜裏甲, or raking eaves filler. Hidden eave fillers attached to a bargeboard *…

Architecture, General Terms

Pagination

  • Current page 1
  • Page 2
  • Next page ››
  • Last page Last »

Contributor Login

JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University