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JAANUS

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  • (-) General Terms (72)
  • Architecture (67)
  • Art History (5)
  • Folk Dwellings (1)
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Displaying 1 - 72 of 72
Title Contains Image(s) Description Keywords
jabara ita 蛇腹板 ✓

Lit. snake belly board. The boards lined up under the thick eave ends nokizuke 軒付 of a cypress bark *…

Architecture, General Terms
jabara 蛇腹

Lit. snake's belly.

1 A cornice. Called nokijabara 軒蛇腹, at the eaves of a building and …

Architecture, General Terms
jabara shirin 蛇腹支輪 ✓

Also called honshirin 本支輪 (main shirin). A short, curved, non-supporting transitional member that connects…

Architecture, General Terms
jabara tenjō 蛇腹天井 ✓

Lit. snake belly ceiling. An open or exposed ceiling composed of curved, parallel rafters, thought to resemble a snake's…

Architecture, General Terms
jabaragawa 蛇腹皮

Lit. snake skin. The boards lined up under the thick eave ends nokizuke 軒付 of a cypress bark *…

Architecture, General Terms
jari 砂利

Gravel, small stones, or pebbles. A corrupted form of sazare 細 meaning tiny stones. Jari have been given…

Architecture, General Terms
jidaruki 地垂木

Also called omodaruki 母垂木. A base rafter that extends outward from the roof framework, generally the eave purlin *…

Architecture, General Terms
jien hikaku 地円飛角 ✓

Also read chien hikaku. Double eaves *futanoki 二軒, composed of base…

Architecture, General Terms
jifuku 地覆

1 A sleeper. The lowermost horizontal beam that spans the width of a bay *…

Architecture, General Terms
jifuku-ishi 地覆石

Also written 地幅石. A long horizontal base stone, sometimes called a sleeper, or a continuous plinth course. It is placed at…

Architecture, General Terms
jifuku nageshi 地覆長押 Also jinageshi 地長押. A non-penetrating tie beam that is shaped to fit snugly around the base of a pillar.
Architecture, General Terms
jigyō 地業

Also 地形 chikei. The preliminary foundation work on a building. Materials for this include: rubble *…

Architecture, General Terms
jikuana 軸穴

Also 軸孔; jikuzuriana 軸吊穴; jiku uke 軸受; tobira jikuana 扉軸穴. The socket into which the pivot hinge…

Architecture, General Terms
jikubu 軸部

The framework or body of a building between the foundation and the roof structure. In traditional architecture it includes…

Architecture, General Terms
jikuzuri 軸吊 ✓

Also written 軸釣, 軸摺. Pivot hinge. A metal covered wooden-core pivot inserted into a socket *…

Architecture, General Terms
jinuki 地貫

Also called shimonuki 下貫. A penetrating tie beam at the base of a pillar or a tie beam beneath a building's…

Architecture, General Terms
jisumigi 地隅木

A base hip rafter found at the corners of a roof. Ordinary rafters *jidaruki…

Architecture, General Terms
jizō gōshi 地蔵格子

A latticed door made with both horizontal and vertical laths at the same surface level. There are no recessed laths nailed…

Architecture, General Terms
jō 畳

Also written 帖.

1 A counter for screens *byōbu 屏風 and…

Architecture, General Terms
Jōdokyō bijutsu 浄土教美術

Art of the Pure Land faith. Originating in the Nara period, Pure Land Buddhism is a more personal form of the faith than…

Art History, General Terms
Jōgan gishiki 貞観儀式

The Jōgan gishiki is a ten volume collection of ceremony regulations compiled by Fujiwara Ujimune 藤原氏宗 by order of…

Architecture, General Terms
Jōmon jidai 繩文時代

Lit. cord-mark period. The Jōmon period ran from ca. 10,000 BC-ca. 300 BC. The period takes its name from the decoration on…

Art History, General Terms
jōsei kidan  上成基壇 ✓

The upper level of a two-stepped podium *nijū kidan 二重基壇. The lower level is…

Architecture, General Terms
jōyabari 上屋梁

Principal transverse beam. The beam that receives the diagonal braces at the end of a gable roof. It also supports the ridge…

Architecture, General Terms
yagura kemudashi 櫓煙出 ✓

Also written 櫓烟出. Also read yagura kemuridashi. An opening constructed in a thatched roof to allow the escape of…

Architecture, General Terms
yaguranuki 櫓貫

Commonly double-penetrating, diagonally placed beams that connect the main post *…

Architecture, General Terms
yakata tenjō 屋形天井

1 A ceiling with the same pitch as the roof. Really, an exposed ceiling *…

Architecture, General Terms
yakuba 役場

1 The parts of a stone wall such as exterior corners, top surfaces, or openings for drainage where…

Architecture, General Terms, Folk Dwellings
yamamichi katō 山道火灯

A window used especially in the Zen style *zenshūyō 禅宗様; a type of ogival…

Architecture, General Terms
yamato 大和 ✓

1 An abbreviation for yamatouchi-no-to 大和打の戸 or yamatouchi 大和打. A door that has vertical…

Architecture, General Terms
yamatobuki 大和葺 ✓

1 A type of board roofing made by first spacing boards of equal width at predetermined intervals and then…

Architecture, General Terms, Tea Houses
yane-ita 屋根板

A generic name for various types of roofing boards including *noji-ita…

Architecture, General Terms
yane kōzō 屋根構造 ✓

The construction of the roof framework or roof truss over the body of a building. The essential framing for a gable roof *…

Architecture, General Terms
yane 屋根 ✓

Also called okugai 屋蓋, lit. "roof covering." A generic term for various types of roofs, roof styles, and roofing.…

Architecture, General Terms
yanebuki 屋根葺

Roofing or roof covering. The most commonly used types of roofing are clay tiles *…

Architecture, General Terms
yanegae 屋根替

Rethatching, retiling, or reshingling a roof whereby old roofing is replaced with new roofing.

Architecture, General Terms
yanekugi 屋根釘

Also kobanekugi 小羽根釘. Small round bamboo roofing nails, with a diameter between 2.1 to 2.8 mm and a length from 50…

Architecture, General Terms
yaneura 屋根裏

1 See *keshō yaneura 化粧屋根裏.

2 An…

Architecture, General Terms
yaraiko 矢来子 The framing members of a fence. They may be vertical, horizontal, diagonal, or arranged to form squares or lozenges. A variety… Architecture, General Terms
yareigeta 破井桁 ✓

Lit. "broken well crib." Also yabureigeta. A design used for muntins *kumiko…

Architecture, General Terms
yatsumune-zukuri 八棟造 ✓

Lit. "eight-ridge construction." A complicated roof style with multiple ridges and bargeboards, or large vernacular house…

Architecture, General Terms
yawari 矢割

A method of stone-splitting achieved by boring a hole in the stone. A wedge *kusabi…

Architecture, General Terms
Yayoi jidai 弥生時代

The Yayoi period (ca. 400 BCE to 250 CE). The period is marked by the establishment of rice cultivation and an agrarian…

Art History, General Terms
yō 様

A suffix. When used in architectural history, it means a technical style, as in *…

Architecture, General Terms
yodo 淀 ✓

Also yodogi 淀木 or yodonuki 淀貫. Tapered horizontal timber, 12-15 cm wide and 4.5 cm thick, placed on top of…

Architecture, General Terms
yōjigane 楊枝鉄

Also called chikara gane 力鉄 or kanehōzu-e 鉄方杖.
Slender iron rods used to strengthen the extensions of…

Architecture, General Terms
yoko-ita 横板

1 Horizontal, parallel boards with a wood grain that runs sideways. In shrine architecture *…

Architecture, General Terms
yokome-ita 横目板

Also called *oshibuchi 押縁. Narrow, thin battens placed horizontally over…

Architecture, General Terms
yokoshigezan 横繁桟 ✓

Closely spaced horizontal crosspieces commonly found on latticed doors *mairado…

Architecture, General Terms
yokoshino 横篠 ✓

1 The horizontal line of a bamboo joint.

2 The line carved into the short posts at…

Architecture, General Terms
yokozan 横桟 ✓

Also called nakazan 中桟. A generic term for the parallel crosspieces used to frame doors, windows, and other…

Architecture, General Terms
yokozando 横桟戸 ✓

A timber door frame into which horizontal boards are set. The seams tsugime 継目 are hidden by crosspieces nailed in…

Architecture, General Terms
yomezuka 嫁束

Also called *kirizuka 切束, komitatara 込たたら. A short strut…

Architecture, General Terms
yoroido 鎧戸

Also called gararido がらり戸. The horizontal, louver boards yoroi-ita 鎧板 of a door that run parallel to each…

Architecture, General Terms
yosegi 寄木

1 The upper horizontal timber yosegi 寄木, in a transom, called *…

Architecture, General Terms
yosejikii 寄敷居 ✓ Also called *tatamiyose 畳寄, or abbreviated to yose 寄. A horizontal timber level with… Architecture, General Terms
yosemune yane 寄棟屋根 ✓

Also abbreviated to yosemune 寄棟, also called yotsuyane 四つ屋根. A hipped roof. A roof that descends from the…

Architecture, General Terms
yosemune-zukuri 寄棟造

Also called *shia 四阿 in the Nara period. Also komune-zukuri 小棟造, …

Architecture, General Terms
yoshido 葭戸 A sliding door or screen filled with reeds yoshi 葭 or ashi 葦, sometimes called match stick blinds, to admit summer… Architecture, General Terms
yoshigaki 葭垣

Also ashigaki 葦垣. Also called yoshizubei 葭簀塀 or yoshizugaki 葭簀垣. A fence made of ditch reed …

Architecture, General Terms
Yoshino jidai 吉野時代

The Yoshino period. A seldom-used, rather old-fashioned term for the Southern and Northern Courts period *…

Art History, General Terms
yotesaki tokyō 四手先斗きょう

A 4-stepped bracket complex found mainly on the upper part of a *tahōtō 多宝塔.…

Architecture, General Terms
yotsuya maruta 四谷丸太

Also called yotsuya migaki maruta 四谷磨き丸太 or migaki maruta 磨き丸太. A cedar log stripped of its bark and then…

Architecture, General Terms
yūgen 幽玄

Lit. "profound mystery." A multivalent and influential medieval aesthetic ideal expressing darkness, depth, mystery,…

Art History, General Terms
yukachigai 床違

Floors that have different levels. For example, the floor of the alcove *tokonoma…

Architecture, General Terms
yukadaka 床高

The distance from the top surface of a floor to the ground below. The term can also refer to the height of a building's…

Architecture, General Terms
yukaura 床裏

The space made by the joists *neda 根太, between the flooring of a second story and…

Architecture, General Terms
yukazuka 床束

Short struts placed on base stones beneath a floor to support the sleepers *ōbiki…

Architecture, General Terms
yukimi shōji 雪見障子

Also called *agesage shōji 上下障子 (up and down shōji). Lit. "snow…

Architecture, General Terms
yumi ranma 弓欄間 ✓

Also called namiranma 波欄間 (wave-patterned slats), takewaki ranma 立涌欄間 (vertical billow-patterned slats in…

Architecture, General Terms
yūri odaruki 遊離尾垂木 ✓

Separated tail rafters supported by fulcrums which in turn support long purlins at their mid point and at each end. They are…

Architecture, General Terms
yuta-zukuri 雪打造

Also written 雨打造. A style of architecture that employs pent roof. A common 13th-19th century expression for *…

Architecture, General Terms

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JAANUS is the on-line Dictionary of Japanese Architectural and Art Historical Terminology compiled by Dr. Mary Neighbour Parent.

Originally built by the Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, it is now hosted and maintained by the Media Center for Art History at Columbia University